Lesson 3 Flashcards
Trends and Patterns of Disasters Phases of Disaster
What are the three key phases of activity within disaster
management:
Pre-disaster
During Disaster
Post Disaster
A phase of disaster management where it ensures that the needs and provisions
of victims are met to alleviate and minimize suffering.
During Disaster
A phase of disaster where it reduces the potential for
human, material or environmental losses caused by hazards and to ensure that these losses are minimized when the disaster actually strikes.
Pre-disaster
A phase of disaster where it achieve rapid and durable
recovery which does not reproduce the original vulnerable conditions
Post disaster
A part of pre-disaster phase where it reduces the risk of disasters involves activities, which either reduce or modify the scale and intensity of the threat faced or by improving the conditions of elements at risk
Prevention and Mitigation
It embraces all measures taken to reduce both the effects of the hazard itself and the vulnerable conditions to it in order to reduce the scale of a future disaster
Mitigation
It is aimed at reducing the physical, economic and social
vulnerability to threats and the underlying causes for this
vulnerability.
Mitigation
It addresses issues such
as land ownership, tenancy rights, wealth distribution,
implementation of earthquake resistant building codes, etc.
Mitigation
It embraces measures that enable governments, communities and individuals to respond rapidly to disaster situations to cope with them effectively. It includes formulation of viable
emergency plans, the development of warning systems, the maintenance of inventories, public awareness and education and the training of personnel.
Preparedness
It also embrace search and rescue measures as well as
evacuation plans for areas that may be “at risk‟ from a
recurring disaster
Preparedness
It is the process of monitoring the situation in communities
or areas known to be vulnerable to slow onset hazards, and passing the knowledge of the pending hazard to people in harm’s way. To be effective, it is related to
mass education and training of the population who know what
actions they must take when warned.
Early warning
This refers to the “real-time event of a hazard occurring and
affecting elements at risk. The duration of the event will
depend on the type of threat; ground shaking may only occur
in a matter of seconds during an earthquake while flooding
may take place over a longer sustained period.
Disaster Impact
Include examples such as setting up control rooms, putting the contingency plan in action, issue warning, action for
evacuation, taking people to safer areas, rendering medical
aid to the needy etc., simultaneously rendering relief to the homeless, food, drinking water, clothing etc. to the needy, restoration of communication, disbursement of assistance in cash or kind.
Response
The emergency relief activities undertaken during and immediately following a disaster, which includes
immediate relief, rescue, and the damage needs assessment
and debris clearance.
Response
It is used to describe the activities that encompass
the three overlapping phases of emergency relief, rehabilitation and reconstruction.
Recovery
