LESSON 3 Flashcards

(41 cards)

1
Q

is that principle that whatever serves the most number of members in a community is
considered good

A

common good

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2
Q

is the principle that there is
a standard that people must cooperatively strive for
to maximize the harmony in the community.

A

greatest good

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3
Q

THE TWO TYPES
OF MORAL
THEORY

A

CONSEQUENTIALIST, NON -CONSEQUENTIALIST
THEORY

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4
Q

is any net benefits produced by an action

A

Utilitarianism

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5
Q

single principle has to reflect on three things

A

what is good, whose well being it is intended and the actual
consequences.

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6
Q

means the only thing that
is good in itself is pleasure or happiness.

A

Hedonism

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7
Q

Utilitarian logic can be used both for
moral reasoning and rational decision-making

A

Whose well being

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8
Q

. Whose well being

A

INDIVIDUAL SELF-INTEREST, GROUPS, Everyone affected-

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9
Q

is an approach that focuses on the rightness or wrongness of actions themselves.

A

Deontology

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10
Q

HE concluded that to be truly good the act
must be chosen and done out of a feeling of moral duty

A

Immanuel Kant

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11
Q

Kant developed his moral philosophy in three works:

A

Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals” (1785),
“Critique of Practical Reason’
(788) and “Metaphysics of Morals” (1797), and he
formulated it in three different ways.

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12
Q

Other Types of Deontology

A

Divine command theory
Human rights theory
contractarian ethics
pluralistic deontology

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13
Q

This is a form of deontological theory which means an action is right if God has declared that it is right, and that that an act is obligatory if and only if it is commanded by God.

A

divine command theory

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14
Q

This theory holds that humans
have absolute natural rights.

A

natural rights theory

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15
Q

refers to both the theory in political philosophy on the legitimacy of
political authority, and the ethical theory concerning the origin, or legitimate content, of moral norms.

A

contractarian ethics

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16
Q

It is a description of the
deontological ethics 1 advocated by W.D. Ross.

A

pluralistic deontology

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17
Q

seven prime duties

A

duty of beneficence, nonmalificence, justice, self improvement, reparation, gratitude, fidelity

18
Q

to help other people to improve their
conditions like increase their pleasure, improve their character, and so
on

A

duty of beneficence

19
Q

to avoid harming other people

A

duty of nonmaleficence

20
Q

to ensure people get what they deserve

A

duty of justice

21
Q

to improve oneself

A

duty of self improvement

22
Q

to recompense someone if one has acted wrongly
towards them

A

duty of reparation

23
Q
  • to return favors that others have done
A

duty of gratitude

24
Q

to keep promises both explicit and implicit
promises, including the implicit promise to tell the truth

A

duty of fidelity

25
Plato discussed four key virtues which are
wisdom, courage, temperance and justice
26
is an approach that deemphasizes rules, consequences, and particular acts and sets the focus on the kind of person who is acting
virtue ethics
27
based ethical theory puts minimal importance on which rules people should follow.
virtue
28
is centered on the interdependence of all individuals.
ethic of care
29
Externally, a code serves beveral important purposes:
Compliance, marketing, risk mitigation
30
A code serves as a public statement of what the company promised to stand for and its commitment to high standards
marketing
31
Organizations with codes of ethics can trim down the financial risks connected with government fines for ethical wrongdoing by signifying they have made a "good faith effort" to unlawful act
risk mitigation
32
Legislation mandates individuals serving on boards and organizational leaders of public offices to implement codes or clearly explain why they have not
compliance
33
The most common sections to include in a code of right conduct are:
ethical principles, values, accountability, Standard of conduct-, Standard of practice, Disciplinary actions
34
complaints handling and specific penalties for any violations of the code.
Disciplinary actions
35
current policies and procedures and business operational manual
Standard of practice
36
-complying with the job description commitmen o the organisation and proper computer, internet and email usage
Standard of conduct
37
workplace behavior and respect for all people
ethical principle
37
38
an honest, unbiased and unprejudiced work environment
values
39
taking responsibility for own actions, ensuring appropriate use of information, exercising diligence and duty of care obligations and avoiding conflicts of interest.
accountability
40