Lesson 3

Question 1

symbolization

Answer 1

the use of symbols on a map to convey information and meaning

Question 2

cartograms

Answer 2

thematic maps that are deliberately distorted to emphasize a particular variable or attribute; most are abstract and figurative in appearance

Question 3

standardized

Answer 3

a description used when data from different sources and sorted by different metrics have been converted into a uniform format

Question 4

classification

Answer 4

the process of defining the classes to which data will be assigned

Question 5

quantile scheme

Answer 5

quantile scheme: a method of classifying data by dividing values into groups of equal (or approximately equal) sizes; examples are quartiles (four groups), quintiles (five groups), and percentiles (100 groups)

Question 6

aggregated

Answer 6

when applied to data, this term means that data have been gathered from two or more sources and combined for analysis

Question 7

ecological fallacy

Answer 7

a mistake that can be caused when a person using a map incorrectly assumes that a characteristic true of a group in aggregate is also true of any individual member of that group

Question 8

Zone

Answer 8

a unit defined by boundaries for a given aggregation; that is, the way in which a geographic area is divided up and the data assigned, in an effort to discern meaning

Question 9

zonations

Answer 9

divisions by zone

Question 10

modifiable areal unit problem

Answer 10

the potential to misinterpret the meaning of data if the geographical area to which the data are aggregated, or assigned, is too big or too small

Question 11

Gerrymandering

Answer 11

the practice of redrawing voting districts, particularly in the United States, to deliberately give one particular political party an advantage in upcoming elections