LESSON 3 Flashcards
(34 cards)
was the emergence of modern science during the early modern period, when developments in mathematics, physics,
astronomy, biology (including human anatomy), and chemistry transformed societal views about nature. The _ began in Europe toward
the end of the Renaissance period, and continued through the late 18th century, influencing the intellectual social movement known as the Enlightenment.
scientific revolution
In early time, people questioned what created
days & nights. They wanted to understand what heavenly bodies
like stars, moon and planets are invention of the telescope allowed them to peek at the outer space
COPERNICAN REVOLUTION
stated that the planets, as
well as the sun and the moon, moved in a circular
motion around the Earth.
Claudius Ptolemy
For that he discussed
about _, which described as the Earth was the center of the universe.
GEOCENTRISM
In 16th century, _, a Polish
mathematician and astronomer, challenged thenPtolemaic model.
Nicolaus Copernicus
Invented the telescope which made him able to see the heavenly bodies clearer. Provided facts and evidences that supports the heliocentric theory
Galileo Galilei
Used Calculus to form laws and formulas that also made the heliocentric model
factual. Best known for his three laws of planetary motion.
Johannes Kepler
In 1831 _ was 22 years old and studying at
the University of Cambridge when he was invited as a naturalist to a great expedition.
* Spent almost five years traveling several
continents starting in South America from which he brought back dozens of lives specimens’
illustrations and fossils.
DARWINIAN REVOLUTION
When he stopped at the Galapagos Islands Darwin also observed its giant
tortoises which lived in nearby islands but showed unique physical
characteristics in each island.
THE GALAPAGOS ISLAND
There is a struggle for survival in which the strongest individual is not
necessarily the survivor, instead it’s the one which best adapts to the
environment where it lives. If a living being has any trait that helps them to survive it will be more
successful at reproduction those which don’t adapt will die without descendants.
NATURAL SELECTION
Darwin said that all species including humans were not created
independently but they descended from a common ancestor from then on life on the planet began to diversify
THEORY OF EVOLUTION
an admirer and fellow naturalist who told him that he had reached the same conclusion evolution was produced by natural selection.
Alfred Russel Wallace
_ is an Austrian neurologist and is known as the founder of Psychoanalysis. During his years as a medical student, Freud had the curiosity driven by the Darwinian Revolution to do a study on the brain structure of human and frogs which he found to be similar. The result of his study became one of the proofs of the Darwinian Theory on the
genetic and historical linkage between man and
other organisms
FREUDIAN EVOLUTION
Sigmund Freud
is the study that explains human behavior
PSYCHOANALYSIS
When talking about the id, the ego, and the superego, it is important to remember that these are not three separate entities with clearly defined boundaries. These aspects are dynamic and always interacting to influence
an individual’s overall personality and behavior.
FREUD’S THEORY OF PERSONALITY
The _is the bad boy of our subconscious. It is an impulsive part of the
psyche that seeks pleasure and avoids pain at all costs. The _is driven by the pleasure principle, which strives for immediate gratification of all desires, wants, and needs. If these needs are not satisfied immediately, the result is a state anxiety or tension.
ID
The _holds the internalized moral standards and ideals
that we acquire from our parents and society (our sense of right and wrong).
The _ provides guidelines for making judgments. The _ unconsciously and consciously acts to follow the rules of society
and tries to keep the id from causing some serious damage long- term.
SUPER-EGO
The _operates based on the reality principle, which strives to satisfy the id’s desires in realistic and socially appropriate ways. The reality principle
weighs the costs and benefits of an action before deciding to act upon or abandon impulses.
EGO
The booming world population during the 19th century onward demanded the more goods be produced at a faster rate. People needed efficient means of transportation to trade more goods and cover a larger distance. Machines that required animals to operate must thus be upgraded.
MODERN TIMES
the process of heating dairy products to kill the harmful bacteria that allow them to spoil faster.
PASTEURIZATION
a French biologist, microbiologist, and chemist, invented
PASTEURIZATION
LOUIS PASTEUR
the modern times demanded better means of powering homes and transportations.
PETROLEUM REFINERY
was able to invent kerosene by refining petroleum
SAMUEL M. KIER
the development of _ by Alexander Graham Bell was one of the most important inventions at that time.
TELEPHONE
