LESSON 3: DEMONSTRATION OF FUNGAL STRUCTURES IN TISSUES

Question 1

2 Diagnostic clues

Answer 1

1. patient
2. specimen

Question 2

patient includes:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Answer 2

Travel history
Occupational history
Leisure activities
Cultural
Immune status
At risk vulnerable

Question 3

in specimen macroscopic includes:
1.
2.

Answer 3

Abscess
Cavitation

Question 4

in specimen microscopic includes:

Answer 4

Granuloma
Neutrophil
necrosis
lymphocytes

Question 5

Amount of tissue obtained

Answer 5

Limitations

Question 6

Tissue processing using H and E

Answer 6

Architectural distortion

Question 7

This stain is All fungi show pink cytoplasm, blue nuclei, no color for the wall.

Answer 7

Hematoxylin and Eosin (H and E)

Question 8

What are the 9 Stains

Answer 8

1. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H and E)
2. Periodic Acid Schiff
3. Grocott’s/ Gomori Methanamine Silver (GMS)
4. Mucin Stain
5. Gridley Stain
6. alcian Blue
7. Flurorescent antibody stain
8. Giemsa stain
9. India Ink

Question 9

This stain detects glycogen in tissues, fungal walls contain large amount of glycogen

Answer 9

periodic acid schiff

Question 10

silver nitrate outlines fungi in black due to the silver precipitating on the fungi cell wall.

Answer 10

grocotts/ gomori methenamine silver (GMS)

Question 11

The internal parts of hyphae are deep, rose to black, and the background is light green

Answer 11

grocotts/ gomori methenamine silver (GMS)

Question 12

also known as mayer or southgate mucicarmine stain

Answer 12

Mucin stain

Question 13

stains mucopolysaccharides including the capsules of a variety of organism; also stains mucus which can be present in a variety of human cells

Answer 13

mucin stain

Question 14

stains capsules of cryptococcus neoformans deep rose

Answer 14

mucin stain

Question 15

stains the walls of most fungi

Answer 15

Gridley stain

Question 16

hyphae and yeast stain dark blue or rose

Answer 16

gridley stain

Question 17

tissues stain deep blue and background is yellow

Answer 17

Gridley stain

Question 18

Useful to highlight the capsules of cryptococcus spp. which appear red or blue depending on the stain used.

Answer 18

Alcian blue

Question 19

Simple, sensitive, and extremely specific method of detecting fungi in tissues of fluids.

Answer 19

fluorescent antibody stain

Question 20

applications for many different fungal organisms

Answer 20

fluorescent antibody stain

Question 21

used for blood and bone marrow specimens

Answer 21

Giemsa stain

Question 22

_____________ is an intracellular organism, which appears as small oval - pear shaped yeast like cells with crescent shaped, red stained protoplasm surrounded by clear halo in segmented neutrophils.

Answer 22

Giemsa stain

Question 23

what are the three bacterial stain used:
1.
2.
3.

Answer 23

Gram stain
Brown and Brenn
Modified Acid fast stain

Question 24

Generally, fungi are gram positive

Answer 24

Gram stain

Question 25

Actinomyces spp. and nocardia spp are gram variable

Answer 25

gram stain

Question 26

Used to differentiate the acid fast nocardia spp. from other aerobic actinomyces spp.

Answer 26

Modified acid fast stain

Question 27

very popular for quick evaluation of fungal structures

Answer 27

lactophenol cotton blue

Question 28

will stain the chitin in cell walls of fungi

Answer 28

lactophenol cotton blue

Question 29

What are the two fungal structures in tissues 1. 2.

Answer 29

yeast sporangia/spherules hyphae mucormycosis coenocytic phaeohyphomycosis granules fission bodies combination of yeast cells and pseudohyphae

Question 30

brain and subcutaneous abscess dermatiaceous

Answer 30

phaeohypomycosis

Question 31

broad budding yeat (10-15 microns )

Answer 31

the morphology is consistent with blastomyces dermatitidis however, endospores of coccidoides spp. candida spp. histoplasma spp. cryptococcus spp. and aspergillus conidia can be confused histologically

Question 32

narrow based budding yeast (4-10 microns in size)

Answer 32

The morphology is cryptococcus spp. however, candida spp and histoplasma can be confused

Question 33

small yeast (2-4 microns in size) with narrow baseed budding grouped in cluster inside macrophages

Answer 33

the morphology is consistent with histoplasma capsulatom; however, small variant of B. dermatitis, capsule deficient cryptococcus endospores of coccicoides spp.. pneumocystis jivrocii, penicillum marneffei and candida glabrata can be confused.

Question 34

spherules with multiple endospores

Answer 34

morphology is consistent with coccidicoides spp. however, blastomyces spp. histoplasma spp. candida spp. pneumocytis spp and other yeast can be confused histologically when no spherules are present.

Question 35

In addition, __________ has sporangia with endospores which are larger

Answer 35

Rhinosporidium seeberi

Question 36

Thin walled spheres 92-5 microns in size) with intrancystic foci

Answer 36

- pneumocystys pneumonia

Question 37

variable size yeast (4-60 microns in size) should not be confused with sporothrix spp. and cryptoccus spp. described as pilot wheel

Answer 37

paracoccicoides brasiliensis

Question 38

Asteroid bodies (star like eosinophilic material surrounding yeasts or yeast like structures are found in up to 92% of sporotrichosis

Answer 38

the morphology is consistent with sporothrix schenckii. however, candida glabrara, histoplasma spp. leishmania spp. and sarcoidosis can have this morphology

Question 39

small yeast (3-5) intermingled with pseudohyphae and hyphae - yeasts with pseudohyphae

Answer 39

The morphogically is consistent with candida spp. aspergillus spp. and other hyaline fungi can be confused histogically

Question 40

non pigmented hyaline septated hyphae with acute angle branching

Answer 40

the morphology is consistent with aspergillus spp. fusarium spp. scedosporium spp. trichoderma spp. paecilomyces spp. and others. mucorales genera can have this morphology sometimes

Question 41

non pigmented, pauciseptate ribbon like hyphae with right angle branching

Answer 41

the morphology is consistent with mucorales genera; however, aspergillus spp. and other septated hyaline hyphae can sometimes have this morphology

Question 42

pigmented irregular hyphae and yeastlike structure both with septations

Answer 42

the morphology is consisted with dermatiaceous fungi including madurella spp. fonsecaea spp., cladophialophora spp., exophiala spp., curvularia spp., bipolaris spp., and others.