Lesson 3 - Meiosis

Question 1

homologous chromosomes

Answer 1

pairs of similar chromosomes

Question 2

diploid

Answer 2

contains two complete sets of chromosomes, one set inherited from each parent

Question 3

haploid

Answer 3

half the chromosome of a diploid

Question 4

gemete

Answer 4

male and female reproductive cells

Question 5

zygote

Answer 5

male and female gametes fuse together

Question 6

spermatogenesis

Answer 6

process that produces sperm in males

Question 7

oogenesis

Answer 7

process that produces eggs in females

Question 8

meiosis I

Answer 8

prophase I - homologous chromosome pair up (synapsis), chromosomes exchange DNA segments in a process called crossing over
metaphase I - homologous chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
anaphase I - homologous pairs separate and get pulled to ether pole by the spindle fibres
telophase I - homologous chromosomes are at opposite ends of the cell, spindle fibres disappear

Question 9

meiosis II

Answer 9

same as mitosis
outcome: 4 daughter cells

Question 10

crossing over

Answer 10

during prophase I the homologous chromosome pairs are in close proximity, each gene on both sister chromosome pairs are lined up with the corresponding gene on the other pair, this allows them to exchange DNA

Question 11

independent assortment

Answer 11

during metaphase I how the chromosome in each homologous pair line up and separate in metaphase I occurs by chance