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BSMT - Principles of Medical Laboratory Science 2 > Lesson 3: The Circulatory System > Flashcards

Lesson 3: The Circulatory System Flashcards

1
Q

delivers the oxygen and nutrients to all cells in the human body.

A

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

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2
Q

heart, blood vessels, and blood

A

Cardiovascular System

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3
Q

lymph, lymph nodes, and vessels

A

Lymphatic System

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4
Q

thin, watery membrane on the outer layer of the heart
covers the heart and is attached to the pericardium

A

Epicardium

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5
Q

thick layer of cardiac muscles in the middle layer of the heart
pumps blood into the arteries by contracting

A

Myocardium

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6
Q

thin layer of epithelial cells in the inner layer of the heart
lines the valves and interior chambers

A

Endocardium

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7
Q

upper right chamber
receives deoxygenated blood

A

Right Atrium

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8
Q

lower right chamber
receives blood from right atrium -> pulmonary artery

A

Right Ventricle

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9
Q

upper left chamber
receives oxygenated blood from lungs -> left ventricle

A

Left Atrium

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10
Q

lower left chamber
receives blood from left atrium -> aorta

A

Left Ventricle

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11
Q

tricuspid valve which is located between the right atrium and right ventricle.
Function: Closes as the right ventricles

A

Right AV valve

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12
Q

bicuspid or mitral valve which is located between the left atrium and left ventricle.
Function: Closes as the left ventricles

A

Left AV valve

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13
Q

pulmonary or pulmonic valve located at the entrance of the pulmonary artery.
Function: Closes when the right ventricle relaxes preventing blood from flowing back to the right ventricle.

A

Right semilunar valve

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14
Q

aortic valve located at the entrance of the aorta.
Function: Closes when the left ventricle relaxes preventing blood from flowing back to the left ventricle.

A

Left semilunar valve

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15
Q

partition that separates the right from the left atria.

A

Interatrial septum

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16
Q

receives blood supply thru the left and right coronary arteries, and coronary veins return the oxygen depleted blood from the heart muscle back to the heart.

A

CORONARY CIRCULATION

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17
Q

the Coronary circulation supplies the blood and also provides drainage from the tissues
composed of the left and right coronary arteries and coronary veins

A

Heart function

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18
Q

Systole (contraction) & diastole (relaxation) which lasts about 0.8 seconds

A

CARDIAC CYCLE

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19
Q

Sends electric impulses throughout the myocardium which is initiated by the Sinoatrial (SA) node (pacemaker)

A

ELECTRICAL CONDUCTION SYSTEM

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20
Q

Provides the graphical representation of the cardiac cycle’s activity

A

ELECTROCARDIOGRAM

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21
Q

The average heart rate is 72 beats per minute (bpm) and the cardiac output refers to the volume of blood pumped per minute

A

HEART RATE AND CARDIAC OUTPUT

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22
Q

“lubb” which is the first sound as the ventricles contract or the AV valves close and “dupp” or the second sound which is heard when the semilunar valves close and the ventricles relax.

A

ORIGIN HEART SOUND

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23
Q

A rhythmic throbbing resulting from the alternating expansion and contraction of the artery

A

PULSE

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24
Q

The force which was exerted by the blood on the walls of the vessel which is measured by the sphygmomanometer. The blood pressure is the difference between the systolic (pressure during contraction) and diastolic (pressure during relaxation).

A

BLOOD PRESSURE

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25
chest pain resulting from reduced blood flow to the heart
Angina pectoris
26
murmuring sound produced when aortic leaflets fail to fully open during systole
Aortic stenosis
27
infection that happens when a bacteria enters and reside in the heart lining or blood vessel
Bacterial endocarditis
28
chronic progressive condition that affects the pumping power
Congestive heart failure
29
heart attack, decrease or full stoppage of blood flow
Myocardial infarction
30
inflammation of the pericardial sac
Pericarditis
31
moves blood between right ventricle of the heart to the lungs
Pulmonary Circulation
32
moves the oxygenated blood and nutrients from the left ventricle to the heart to the rest of the body
Systematic Circulation
33
thick-walled blood vessels carry oxygen-rich blood
Arteries
34
small-diameter blood vessels branch out from arteries and lead to capillaries
Arterioles
35
tubes with thin walls that carry deoxygenated blood
Veins
36
very small veins that collect blood from capillaries
Venules
37
fine hair-like blood vessels that connect arterioles and veins
Capillaries
38
outer connective tissue
tunica adventitia
39
middle, muscle and elastic fiber
tunica media
40
inner, endothelial cells
tunica intima
41
space inside the blood vessel
Lumen
42
found in veins, thin membranous leaflets that prevent backflow of blood
Valves
43
RBCs carry O2 and CO2 produced in the bone marrow
Erythrocytes
44
WBCs neutralize pathogens, granulocytes and agranulocytes
Leukocytes
45
platelets help form blood clots
Thrombocytes
46
fluid part of the blood that is left after clotting because it has no fibrinogen
Serum
47
fluid portion that is separated by centrifugation from the rbc, wbc, and platelets
Plasma
48
contains wbc and platelets
Buffy Coat
49
blood in the bloodstream and should neither clot nor separate
Whole Blood
50
is a network of tissues and organs that is responsible for the removal of toxins and waste in the body
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
51
lympathetic vessels, ducts, and masses of lymph tissue
Nodes
52
stoppage of bleeding
Hemostatis
53
process where blood changes from a liquid state into a gel that forms blood clot
Coagulation
54
enzyme that plays an important role in coagulation
Thrombin
55
fibrin is dissloved
Fibrinolysis
56
also called the elbow pit is a triangular area on the anterior of the elbow
Antecubital fossa
57
a vein arrangement that occurs in about 70% of the population
H-Shaped antecubital veins
58
preffered venipuncture site
Median cubital vein
59
Second choice for venipunture
Cephalic vein
60
Last choice for venipuncture
Basilic Vein
61
used only if the antecubital veins are not accessible
Other arm and hand veins
62
must not be used in venipuncture with the permission of a physician due to complications such as thrombosis
Leg, ankle and foot veins
63
not used for routine blood collection and limited to collection of arterial blood gas. Special training is needed and it is more risky for the patient
Arteries

BSMT - Principles of Medical Laboratory Science 2 (9 decks)

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