Lesson 4 Flashcards
How Visual Information is Interpreted by the Brain (17 cards)
Gestalt psychology
Suggests that our brain organizes various visual stimulus into one meaningful ‘whole’
- “The whole is greater than the sum of it’s parts”
The Figure and Ground process
The organization of the visual field into objects (the figures) that stand out from their surroundings (ground). Visual stimulus is always organized into a figure, against the ground
Proximity
We group nearby stimulus together… (lines example)
Closure
We fill in gaps to create a whole object
Similarity
We group similar figures together
Apparent movement
The phenomenon where when we move, stable objects also appear to move
Depth Perception
The ability to convert 2D images that strike our retina, into 3D, in order to judge distance.
Visual Cliff experiment
Shows us that depth perception is innate to some degree
Binocular depth cues
Depth cues which depend on BOTH eyes
Convergence
The inward turning of your eyes that occurs when you look at an object that is close to you.
Ex: When you look at your nose with both eyes.
Retinal disparity
The fact that the left and right fields of vision provide slightly different visual images when focusing on a single object
-Retinal difference - Pen activity…
Monocular depth cues
Cues about the distance based on the image of ONE eye…
5 Sections
Interposition
Can be seen when a closer object cuts off the view of part or all of a more distant one (aka. overlap)
Relative size
Of familiar objects provides a cue to their distance - when the closer of 2 same -size objects casts a larger image on your retina than the father one.
Relative clarity
Can be seen when closer objects appear sharper than more distant, hazy objects
Texture gradient
Provides a cue to distance when closer objects have a coarser, more distinct texture than far away objects that appear more densely packed and smooth
Linear perspective
Provides a cue to distance when parallel lines, seem to converge in the distance.
