LESSON 4: NAMING CHEMICAL FORMULA

Question 1

• Nearly 70% of known elements
• Lustrous
• Good conductor of heat &electricity
• Malleable

Answer 1

METALS

Question 2

• Lower melting points and densities
• Form brittle solids
• Poor conductor of heat and electricity
• Reactive nonmetals and noble gases

Answer 2

NONMETALS

Question 3

• Properties fall somewherebetween metals and nonmetals
• Have metalic apperance
• usually brittle
• not as good as metals in conducting electricity

Answer 3

METALLOIDS

Question 4

Larger particle or structure formed when ______________________________

Answer 4

two or more atoms are bonded together.

Question 5

single atom molecule (ex: diamond, pure gold)

Answer 5

Monatomic

Question 6

molecule with 2 atoms (ex: Cl2, I2, Br2)

Answer 6

Diatomic

Question 7

molecule with 3 or more atoms (ex: C6H12O6, CaCO3)

Answer 7

Polyatomic

Question 8

particles that have a NET CHARGE (formed when an atom loses or gains electrons)

Answer 8

IONS

Question 9

positively (+) charged

Answer 9

Cations

Question 10

negatively (-) charged

Answer 10

Anions

Question 11

formed from the TRANSFER of electrons between cation and anion COMBINE

Answer 11

IONIC COMPOUND

Question 12

• Form from the SHARING of electrons between REACTIVE NONMETALS
• Gases, low-boiling liquids, low-melting solids

• Ex: methane gas, water, alcohols, chewing gum

Answer 12

MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS

Question 13

Actual number of atoms of each element

Answer 13

MOLECULAR

Question 14

Simplest whole number ratio

Answer 14

EMPIRICAL

Question 15

How atoms are bonded to one another

Answer 15

STRUCTURAL

Question 16

TYPES OF CHEMICAL FORMULA

Answer 16

MOLECULAR, EMPIRICAL, STRUCTURAL

Question 17

MOLECULAR MODELS

Answer 17

Ball-and-stick-models, Ball-and-stick-models

Question 18

• shows atoms as spheres and bonds as sticks
• accurately represent the bonds and bond angles at which atoms are attached to one another within the molecule, but not the actual size of the atom

Answer 18

Ball-and-stick-models

Question 19

gives more realistic representation of the space
occupied by the atoms since it shows the relative sizes of the atoms

Answer 19

Space-filling model

Question 20

denote the numbers of atom present.

Answer 20

Prefixes

Question 21

The name of the other component, which will be used as the second word, would be modified to accommodate the suffix

Answer 21

–ide.

Question 22

MONO

Answer 22

1

Question 23

DI

Answer 23

2

Question 24

TRI

Answer 24

3

Question 25

TETRA

Answer 25

4

Question 26

PENTA

Answer 26

5

Question 27

HEXA

Answer 27

6

Question 28

OCTA

Answer 28

8

Question 29

NONA

Answer 29

9

Question 30

DECA

Answer 30

10

Question 31

occur when atoms gain, lose, or share electrons.

Answer 31

Chemical reactions

Question 32

Sharing electrons creates a _______

Answer 32

covalent bond

Question 33

Nonmetals can _______ electrons to form a covalent bond. This creates a ___________.

Answer 33

share, molecule

Question 34

_______ can act as either a metal or a nonmetal!

Answer 34

HYDROGEN

Question 35

What elements exist as diatomic molecules?

Answer 35

H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2

Question 36

Nonmetals _____________ electrons. This gives them a ____ charge.

Answer 36

gain/accept, -

Question 37

Negative ions are called ___________.

Answer 37

anions

Question 38

Metals ________________ electrons. This gives them a ____ charge

Answer 38

lose/donate, +

Question 39

Positive ions are called ___________.

Answer 39

cations

Question 39

Positive ions are called ___________.

Answer 39

cations

Question 40

the names of metal do not change

Answer 40

naming ions

Question 41

rules for naming ions for non metals

Answer 41

root of element name + ide

Question 42

naming ionic compounds

Answer 42

1. write the name of metal ion 2. write the name of the nonmetal ion

Question 43

Ionic Compounds: CaBr2

Answer 43

calcium bromide

Question 44

Ionic Compounds: NaF

Answer 44

sodium fluoride

Question 45

Ionic Compounds: MgO

Answer 45

magnesium oxide

Question 46

Ionic Compounds: SrCl2

Answer 46

strontium chloride

Question 47

Li2S

Answer 47

lithium sulfide

Question 48

Ionic Compounds: CaO

Answer 48

calcium oxide

Question 49

Ionic Compounds: Kl

Answer 49

potassium iodide

Question 50

naming ions: sulfur

Answer 50

sulfide

Question 51

naming ions: nitrogen

Answer 51

nitride

Question 52

naming ions: potassium

Answer 52

potassium

Question 53

naming ions: oxygen

Answer 53

oxide

Question 54

naming ions: lithium

Answer 54

lithium

Question 55

naming ions: bromine

Answer 55

bromide

Question 56

naming ions: chlorine

Answer 56

chloride

Question 57

naming ions: hydrogen

Answer 57

hydrogen, hydride

Question 58

Name the ionic compounds: CaCl2

Answer 58

calcium chloride

Question 59

Name the ionic compounds: K2S

Answer 59

potassium permanganate

Question 60

Name the ionic compounds: BaO

Answer 60

barium oxide

Question 61

Name the ionic compounds: NH4Cl

Answer 61

ammonium chloride

Question 62

Name the ionic compounds: CsCl

Answer 62

cesium chloride

Question 63

Name the ionic compounds: MgSO4

Answer 63

magnesium sulfate

Question 64

Name the ionic compounds: NaBr

Answer 64

sodium bromide

Question 65

Name the ionic compounds: AlP

Answer 65

aluminum phosphide

Question 66

These are ionic compounds that consist of two or more atoms chemically bonded together and have net electrical charge instead of being neutral

Answer 66

POLYATOMIC IONS

Question 67

nonmetal bonded to one or more oxygen atoms

Answer 67

OXOANIONS/OXYANIONS

Question 68

ion with fewer oxygen atoms ends in

Answer 68

ite

Question 69

ion with more oxygen atoms ends in

Answer 69

ate

Question 70

HF

Answer 70

HYDROFLUORIC ACID

Question 71

HCI

Answer 71

HYDROCHLORIC ACID

Question 72

HBr

Answer 72

HYDROBROMIC ACID

Question 73

HI

Answer 73

HYDROIODIC ACID

Question 74

HCN

Answer 74

HYDROCYANIC ACID

Question 75

H2S

Answer 75

HYDROSULFURIC ACID

Question 76

HNO3

Answer 76

NITRIC ACID

Question 77

HNO2

Answer 77

NITROUS ACID

Question 78

H2SO4

Answer 78

SULFURIC ACID

Question 79

H2SO3

Answer 79

SULFUROUS ACID

Question 80

H3PO4

Answer 80

PHOSPORIC ACID

Question 81

HC2H3O2

Answer 81

ACETIC ACID

Question 82

is an assembly of two or more non-metal atoms tightly bonded together.

Answer 82

Molecule or molecular compound

Question 83

is a molecule made from two atoms of the same element.

Answer 83

diatomic molecule

Question 84

is one of two or more distinct forms of an element, such as: graphite and diamond (for carbon) and dioxygen (O2 - usually referred to simply as oxygen) and ozone (O3).

Answer 84

allotrope

Question 85

are composed of nonmetal elements that bond together into larger particles using covalent bonds (bonds created by the sharing of their valence electrons.

Answer 85

Molecular compounds (also known as covalent compounds)

Question 86

show the exact number of atoms of each element in the molecule

Answer 86

Molecular formulas

Question 87

are the simplest whole-number ratio of the atoms in a molecular compound or an ionic compound..

Answer 87

Empirical formulas

Question 88

are composed of ions and usually contain both metals and non-metals.

Answer 88

Ionic compounds

Question 89

A molecular compound contains ALL _________

Answer 89

non-metal elements

Question 90

molecular compound: CO

Answer 90

CARBON MONOXIDE

Question 91

molecular compound: CO2

Answer 91

CARBOIN DIOXIDE

Question 92

molecular compound: NO2

Answer 92

NITROGEN DIOXIDE

Question 93

molecular compound: N2O4

Answer 93

DINITROGEN TETRAOXIDE

Question 94

will start with a metal element or ammonium (NH4) and end with a non-metal or polyatomic ion

Answer 94

IONIC COMPOUND

Question 95

three main types of ionic compound

Answer 95

binary polyatomic ion transition metal

Question 96

Ionic Compound: BaCl2

Answer 96

barium chloride

Question 97

Ionic Compound: (NH4)SO4

Answer 97

ammonium sulfate

Question 98

Ionic Compound: Cu2S

Answer 98

copper I sulfide

Question 99

Mn(NO3)4

Answer 99

manganese IV nitrate

Question 100

is the simplest kind of ionic compound. It has only two elements in it (one metal and one nonmetal).

Answer 100

binary ionic compound

Question 101

naming binary ionic compounds

Answer 101

1. write the name of metal ion (same name) 2. if non metal, change the ending to -ide

Question 102

is an ion made from a charged group of bonded atoms consisting of more than one element.

Answer 102

polyatomic ion

Question 103

Polyatomic Ion: NH4 1+

Answer 103

ammonium

Question 104

Polyatomic Ion: C2H3O2 1-

Answer 104

acetate

Question 105

Polyatomic Ion: CN 1-

Answer 105

cyanide

Question 106

Polyatomic Ion: BrO 1-

Answer 106

hypobromite

Question 107

Polyatomic Ion: BrO2 1-

Answer 107

bromite

Question 108

Polyatomic Ion: BrO3 1-

Answer 108

bromate

Question 109

Polyatomic Ion: BrO4 1-

Answer 109

perbromate

Question 110

Polyatomic Ion: ClO 1-

Answer 110

hypochlorite

Question 111

Polyatomic Ion: ClO2 1-

Answer 111

chlorite

Question 112

Polyatomic Ion: ClO3 1-

Answer 112

chlorate

Question 113

Polyatomic Ion: ClO4 1-

Answer 113

perchlorate

Question 114

Polyatomic Ion: IO 1-

Answer 114

hypoiodite

Question 115

Polyatomic Ion: IO2 1-

Answer 115

iodite

Question 116

Polyatomic Ion: IO3 1-

Answer 116

iodate

Question 117

Polyatomic Ion: IO4 1-

Answer 117

periodate

Question 118

Polyatomic Ion: HCO3 1-

Answer 118

hydrogen carbonate

Question 119

Polyatomic Ion: H2PO4 1-

Answer 119

dihydrogen phosphate

Question 120

Polyatomic Ion: HSO4 1-

Answer 120

hydrogen sulfate

Question 121

Polyatomic Ion: NO2 1-

Answer 121

nitrite

Question 122

Polyatomic Ion: NO3 1-

Answer 122

nitrate

Question 123

Polyatomic Ion: OH 1-

Answer 123

hydroxide

Question 124

Polyatomic Ion: MnO4 1-

Answer 124

permanganate

Question 125

Polyatomic Ion: SCN1-

Answer 125

thiocyanate

Question 126

Polyatomic Ion: CO3 2-

Answer 126

carbonate

Question 127

Polyatomic Ion: C2O4 2-

Answer 127

oxalate

Question 128

Polyatomic Ion: CrO4 2-

Answer 128

chromate

Question 129

Polyatomic Ion: Cr2O7 2-

Answer 129

dichromate

Question 130

Polyatomic Ion: HPO4 2-

Answer 130

hydrogen phosphate

Question 131

Polyatomic Ion: O2 2-

Answer 131

peroxide

Question 132

Polyatomic Ion: SO3 2-

Answer 132

sulfite

Question 133

Polyatomic Ion: SO4 2-

Answer 133

sulfate

Question 134

Polyatomic Ion: S2O3 2-

Answer 134

thiosulfate

Question 135

Polyatomic Ion: PO3 3-

Answer 135

phosphite

Question 136

Polyatomic Ion: PO4 3-

Answer 136

phosphate

Question 137

An acid starts with________ and ends with a nonmetal or polyatomic ion.

Answer 137

hydrogen

Question 138

naming Binary acids: acids made from hydrogen plus a single element

Answer 138

Hydro + element name + ic Acid

Question 139

naming Oxyacids: acids made from hydrogen plus an oxygen-containing polyatomic ion

Answer 139

Polyatomic ion name* Acid (*but change “ate” endings to “ic” and “ite” endings to “ous”)

Question 140

are ionic compounds that have a specific number of water molecules attached to them.

Answer 140

Hydrates

Question 141

are hydrates that have had the water removed (such as through heating).

Answer 141

Anhydrates

Question 142

common hydrates: CuSO4 . 5H20

Answer 142

copper II sulfate pentahydrate

Question 143

common hydrates: LiCl . H2O

Answer 143

lithium chloride monohydrate

Question 144

common hydrates: BaCl2 . 2H2O

Answer 144

barium chloride dehydrate

Question 145

common hydrates: MgSO4 . 7H2O

Answer 145

magnesium sulfate heptahydrate

Question 146

common hydrates: Sr(NO3)2 . 4H2O

Answer 146

strontium nitrate tetrahydrate