Lesson 5: Becoming a member of Society

Question 1

He said that the human mind at birth
is nothing but a blank slate, or tabula
rasa.

Answer 1

John Locke

Question 2

is considered the central process of social life,
and is also a process of member recruitment and
replacement.

Answer 2

Socialization

Question 3

It prepares new members of society and trains them to think,
feel, and act in appropriate ways.

Answer 3

Socialization

Question 4

It prepares new members of society and trains them to think,
feel, and act in appropriate ways.

Answer 4

Socialization

Question 5

Socialization is also important in ____________,
and a citizen develops and acquire political
ideas, values, attitudes, beliefs, and
opinions through political socialization, a
process which enables the development of
citizens to function effectively within a
particular political system.

Answer 5

politics

Question 6

TRUE OR FALSE

As the field of sociology developed over time,
socialization was increasingly viewed in the context of
internalization.

Answer 6

TRUE

Question 7

refers to the process of
accepting the social norms, attitudes, roles, and values
transmitted by people and social groups within society as
one’s own. Society, for its part, is seen as the primary factor
responsible for how individuals learn how to think and
behave.

Answer 7

Internalization

Question 8

This the view of ______________, like _____________, who explain that if people failed to play their
expected roles or behaved “strangely”, there is incomplete
or inadequate socialization. This means the members of
society have not yet fully acquired and learned what is
expected of them.

Answer 8

functionalists; Talcott
Parsons

Question 9

see socialization as an interactive
process between individuals and other
members of society. This view gives
importance to the independence of the
individuals and their capacity to define their
own personal views and ideas. An example
of socialization in the interpretevist view is
the changing definition of the family.

Answer 9

Interpretivist sociologists

Question 10

The synthesized view identifies three
significant aspects.

Answer 10

SOCIAL CONTEXT
CONTENT
PROCESS

Question 11

-Refers to the particular
circumstances of a society and consists of its
culture,language,and the social structures that
define social class,ethnicity,and gender.

Answer 11

SOCIAL CONTEXT

Question 12

refers to the ideas,behavior,beliefs,and
other information that are passed on by members
of society to the individual

Answer 12

CONTENT

Question 13

refers to the methods of interaction
that enable the content to be given to the person
undergoing socialization.

Answer 13

PROCESS

Question 14

it refer to the outcomes of
socialization, and are evident when
individuals begin to practice the behaviors,
attitudes, and values that society considers
necessary for them to function effectively as
its members.

Answer 14

Results

Question 15

A significant result of socialization is __________________, which refers to the establishment
of a unique sense of identity and an
awareness of how it relates to their society
and the world.

Answer 15

self-identity

Question 16

_______________ consider socialization to be
the process of familiarity by witnessing and
interacting with family, friends, instructors,
and other members of society, people absorb
cultural symbols, norms, values, and
language through enculturation.

Answer 16

Anthropologists

Question 17

is the process of becoming
socialized into a specific culture.

Answer 17

Enculturation

Question 18

These groups participants or
agents of socialization and
enculturation and consist of
person, groups, and
institutions

Answer 18

The Family
Peer Groups Religion and State
Schools
Mass Media

Question 19

It is the primary agent of socialization of
an individual upon birth, throughout
infancy, and up to childhood.

Answer 19

The Family

Question 19

As the child matures, the _____________
becomes an important venue for social
engagement and political socialization.

Answer 19

family

Question 20

______________________ are
essential for the early care and
development of the child.

Answer 20

Parents and other family members

Question 21

an institution
is also defined by the changes
that society undergoes.

Answer 21

The Family

Question 22

TRUE OR FALSE

The traditional view of the family
is changing.

Answer 22

TRUE

Question 23

TRUE OR FALSE

More children are receiving
primary care from other
individuals apart from their
parents.

Answer 23

TRUE

Question 24

With the absence of the parents, other individuals including the _____________ such as aunts, uncles, cousins, and other relatives may take responsibility of child-caring.

Answer 24

extended family

Question 25

Children are _____________________________________ and they learn what is and what is not permissible behavior.

Answer 25

first socialized at home within the family structure

Question 25

It continues to be a primary network for the transmission of values, attitudes, and behaviors.

Answer 25

The Family

Question 26

Parents and family members also have a significant role in planning the __________ of their children.

Answer 26

future

Question 27

Types of Families

Answer 27

Nuclear Family Extended Family

Question 28

have a critical and active role in socialization, as their various academic and social activities mold student’s beliefs, values, and attitudes.

Answer 28

Schools

Question 29

teach students important values like competitiveness, cooperation, conformity, innovation, punctuality, orderliness, and respect for authority.

Answer 29

Schools

Question 30

Varied classification of schools

Answer 30

public schools private schools technical vocational schools alternative schools

Question 31

Schools are also distinguished as ____________ or ____________

Answer 31

sectarian or nonsectarian

Question 32

are also venues for political socialization

Answer 32

Schools

Question 33

also reinforce acceptable behaviors introduced by the family and school, allow certain degree of independence from family and certain figures of authority, and are also a means for socialization and involvement in social and political issues.

Answer 33

Peer groups

Question 34

are formed by informal, spontaneous, and voluntary means.

Answer 34

Peer groups

Question 35

Peer groups become active agents of ________________________, targeting not only the youth but also adults.

Answer 35

political socialization

Question 36

encourage organizations to foster camaraderie and a sense of unity and purpose.

Answer 36

Democratic states

Question 37

use peer groups to reshape attitudes and beliefs, and compel citizens to subscribe to their views and agendas.

Answer 37

Authoritarian governments

Question 38

utilized this strategy when its Communist Party organized clubs and civic associations to further the communist cause.

Answer 38

Former Soviet Union

Question 39

Active agents of political socialization

Answer 39

-Democratic states -Authoritarian governments -Former Soviet Union

Question 40

includes forms of communication such as books, magazines, newspaper, other print materials, radio, television, and movies, it is powerful agent of socialization which is widely used by many institutions and organizations involved in the use of print and electronic communication.

Answer 40

Mass media

Question 41

Decades ago, mass media was characterized as a _________________ of socialization, meaning it lacks direct, face-to-face interaction between the sender and receiver.

Answer 41

nonproximate agent

Question 42

The influence of _______ is lesser among people who have been exposed to more agents of socialization and have a stable set of political awareness and social views.

Answer 42

media

Question 43

portrays media as an ideological marketplace that enhances debate and electoral choice.

Answer 43

Pluralist model

Question 44

are considered as the ultimate source of authority, making the church and government important agents in socialization.

Answer 44

religion and state

Question 45

exerts a great influence on the views of a person, legitimizes accepted social practices, provides stability to society, and can even be sources of social change.

Answer 45

Religion

Question 46

The _______________ also continues its engagement with the government through it support or opposition to the latter’s policies on social and political issues such as graft and corruption, land reform, social justice, fighting crime, and reproductive health.

Answer 46

Catholic Church

Question 47

participates in socialization through laws and other regulations that reinforce appropriate behavior, and help form values and attitudes of the citizens.

Answer 47

The state

Question 48

Through laws, the _________ upholds important concepts such as rights and responsibilities, and regulates the behavior of its citizens through the use of rewards or sanctions.

Answer 48

state

Question 49

___________ are defined and influenced by the values and attitudes of citizens, and citizens can work together to enforce laws and other regulations in society.

Answer 49

Laws

Question 50

can also be significant socializing forces for an entire generation.

Answer 50

Major social and political events

Question 51

cause transformations in the values,attitudes,and views that define societies ,leading to further changes in the behavior and traditions of societies.

Answer 51

The changes and developments brought about by **historical events**

Question 52

have been greatly affected by major historical events such as the Great depression,th Holocaust in Europe,the two World wars,the civil rights movement in the United states,and the Vietnam war.

Answer 52

Western societies

Question 53

TRUE OR FALSE Generations of Filipino have been affected by various historical events like the Second World War,the Martial law period,and the First people power in 1986.The views and attitudes of filipinos will have lived through these events were greatly defined by the changes these events introduced.

Answer 53

TRUE

Question 54

It refers to the process of altering one's thoughts and actions to adapt to the accepted behavior within his or her group or society.

Answer 54

Conformity

Question 55

Social psychology considers conformity as a product of ___________________ on the individual.

Answer 55

pressure exerted by the group

Question 56

_____________ identifies three types of conformity

Answer 56

Herbert Kelman

Question 57

Three types of conformity

Answer 57

-compliance -identification, and -internalization or acceptance

Question 58

It refers to the outward conformity to **social pressure but privately disagreeing with it.**

Answer 58

COMPLIANCE

Question 59

-This action is often motivated by the desire to gain rewards or avoid punishment. -This is the ** least enduring type of conformity**, since the motivation provided by rewards and punishments may not always be present, or the authority figure may be unable to exert his or her influence fully on the group or society at all times

Answer 59

COMPLIANCE

Question 60

It refers to the individual **adopting a certain behavior** because it enables him or her to have a satisfying relationship with the members of his or her group.

Answer 60

IDENTIFICATION

Question 61

The individuals also adopt the opinions and values of the group, and may strive to emulate an authority figureusually a parent or leader that he or she respects or admires.

Answer 61

IDENTIFICATION

Question 62

It involves **both public compliance and internal acceptance of the norms and standards imposed by the group**

Answer 62

INTERNALIZATION OR ACCEPTANCE

Question 63

-This is the most permanent and deeply rooted response to social influence. -It is motivated by the desire to be right, with the authority figure or person of influence being deemed trustworthy, credible, and of good judgment. -Acceptance eventually results to the integration of the group's set of beliefs and behavior into the individual's own framework

Answer 63

INTERNALIZATION OR ACCEPTANCE

Question 64

is defined as a behavior that elicits a strong negative reaction from group members and involves actions that violate commonly held social norms

Answer 64

Deviance

Question 65

What is defined as ___________, however, varies depending on the context of the group of society. What may be considered normal behavior in one culture may be considered deviant behavior in others.

Answer 65

deviance

Question 66

This view often leads sociologists to have varied assessments of deviance and crime.

Answer 66

deviance

Question 67

Emile Durkheim uses the term _________ to refer to a condition where social control becomes ineffective due to the loss of shared values and sense of purpose in society.

Answer 67

anomie

Question 68

Another sociologist, ____________________, relates deviance to the strain felt by individuals whenever social norms conflict with reality. His structural strain theory argues that the tensions and strains between socially-approved goals and an individual's ability to meet them will lead to deviance.

Answer 68

Robert Merton

Question 69

considers deviance as a socially constructed phenomenon influenced largely by interpersonal relationships between members of society.

Answer 69

The symbolic-interactionist view

Question 70

TRUE OR FALSE This labeling reinforces positive views regarding the group, which further drives them toward deviance.

Answer 70

FALSE | This labeling reinforces **negative** views regarding the group, which

Question 71

This view also believes that deviant behavior emerges and is reinforced by interacting with people who display deviance.

Answer 71

The symbolic-interactionist view

Question 72

analyzes deviance in the framework of interests between social groups and the maintenance of power among the elites.

Answer 72

The conflict perspective

Question 73

This view considers concepts of deviance as a reflection of society's inequalities as those who are less powerful in society or minorities are more likely to be considered as deviants or criminals.

Answer 73

The conflict perspective

Question 74

consider deviance as emerging because of inadequate social controls.

Answer 74

control theories

Question 75

If society is unable to maintain control and order, it encourages members to engage in deviant behavior.

Answer 75

control theories

Question 76

The _______________ theory suggests a direct relationship between social disorder and deviance, and that maintaining even an appearance of order is sufficient to discourage deviance.

Answer 76

broken windows

Question 77

are those provided for by laws and other regulations in society. Laws formally designate certain deviant behaviors as crimes, and prescribe sanctions for such acts

Answer 77

Formal sanctions

Question 78

serve to reinforce accepted social norms, as well as define deviant behaviors that merit punishment in society.

Answer 78

The adoption and enforcement of laws

Question 79

is defined as any systematic means and practices used to maintain norms, rules, and laws; regulate conflict; and discourage deviant behavior.

Answer 79

Social Control

Question 80

are the most common means of social control, and are often employed to address conflicts and violations of social norms. Sanctions can be formal or informal.

Answer 80

Sanctions

Question 81

refers to the idea that a person has the innate right to be valued, respected, and treated well.

Answer 81

Human dignit

Question 82

are legal, social, and ethical principles that consider the human person as deserving of liberties and protections by virtue of his or her human dignity.

Answer 82

Human rights

Question 83

are significant concerns when dealing with socialization and issues of deviance and social control.

Answer 83

Human dignity and human rights

Question 84

primarily aims to instill recognition of and respect for human rights and dignity.

Answer 84

Socialization

Question 85

Examples of these rights are the right to life and freedom. Human rights are considered to have the following characteristics:

Answer 85

●They are universal because they belong to all human beings regardless of race, religion, gender, and other characteristics. ● They are fundamental since they cannot be taken away from any human being. ● They are indivisible as various rights are interrelated and given equal importance. ● They are absolute since they cannot be qualified and are considered basic necessities for living a genuine life.

Question 86

A major legal instrument that upholds the recognition of human rights is the ____________________________________, which was drafted by the **United Nations Commission on Human Rights in 1948**. This document was one of the major results of the end of the Second World War.

Answer 86

Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)

Question 87

Within specific countries, ______________ are also a recognized political and social concern and governments address them primarily through the adoption and enforcement of laws.

Answer 87

human rights

Question 88

The _____ Philippine constitution includes a Bill of Rights where the rights of Filipino citizens are enumerated.

Answer 88

1987