LESSON 5 – CITIZENSHIP, and the exercise of Suffrage

Question 1

refers to the membership in a political community with all its concomitant rights and responsibilities

Answer 1

Citizenship

Question 2

is member of a democratic political community; one who
owes allegiance to a given state, enjoys full civil and political rights, and is entitled to its
protection.

Answer 2

Citizen

Question 3

refers to where
an individual was born and come from.

It does not necessarily include the right or privilege of exercising civil or political rights.

Answer 3

Nationality

Question 4

– a citizen of a country who is residing in or passing through another country. He is also
called “foreigner”.

Answer 4

Alien

Question 5

He is not given full rights to citizenship but is entitled to receive protection
as to his person and property.

Answer 5

Alien

Question 6

as conferred by the Constitutional provision is not a natural right of the citizens, but a political right intended to enable them to participate in
the process of government to assure it derives its powers from the consent of the governed.

Answer 6

right of Suffrage

Question 7

The following are citizens of the Philippines: (Article IV Sec.1)

Answer 7

1. Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the time of the adoption of this Constitution
2. Those whose fathers or mothers are citizens of the Philippines
3. Those born before January 17, 1973, of Filipino mothers, who elect Philippine Citizenship
   upon reaching the age of majority; and
4. Those who are naturalized in accordance with law.

Question 8

are those who are citizens from birth without having to perform any act
to acquire or perfect their Philippine citizenship.

Answer 8

Natural-born citizens

Question 9

Those who elect Philippine citizenship in
accordance with the Constitution

Answer 9

natural-born citizens

Question 10

Refer to those who were originally citizens of another country.

But who,
by an intervening act, have acquired new citizenship in a different country (see modes of
acquiring citizenship.

Answer 10

Naturalized citizen

Question 11

Modes of acquiring citizenship

Answer 11

1. By birth
2. By naturalization
3. By Marriage
4. By Election

Question 12

which is the legal principle that, at birth, an individual
acquires the nationality of his/her natural parent/s.

Answer 12

Jus sanguinis (right of blood)

Question 13

The Philippines adheres to this principle.

Answer 13

Jus sanguinis (right of blood)

Question 14

which is the legal principle that a person’s nationality at birth is determined by the place of birth (ie, the territory of a given state)

Answer 14

Jus Soli (right of soil)

Question 15

2 types of By birth

Answer 15

Jus sanguinis (right of blood)
Jus Soli (right of soil)

Question 16

signifies the act of formally adopting a foreigner into the political body of a nation by clothing him or her with the privileges of a citizen.

Answer 16

By naturalization

Question 17

there are three ways by which an alien may become a citizen by
naturalization:

Answer 17

(a) administrative naturalization pursuant to R.A. No. 9139;

(b) judicial naturalization pursuant to C.A. No. 473, as amended; and

(c) legislative naturalization in the form of a law enacted by Congress bestowing
Philippine citizenship to an alien. (So v. Republic, GR 170603, 29 January 2007)

Question 18

– those who became citizens by electing a particular citizenship

Answer 18

By Election

Question 19

Under Commonwealth Act No.63, a Filipino citizen may lose citizenship:

Answer 19

1. By naturalization in a foreign country;
2. By express renunciation of citizenship;
3. By subscribing to an oath of allegiance to support the constitution or laws of a foreign country
   upon attaining twenty-one years of age or more;
4. By accepting commission in the military, naval or air service of a foreign country;
5. By cancellation of the certificate of naturalization;
6. By having been declared by competent authority, a deserter of the Philippine armed forces
   in time of war, unless subsequently, a plenary pardon or amnesty has been granted:and
7. In case of a woman, upon her marriage, to a foreigner if, by virtue of the laws in force in her
   husband’s country, she acquires his nationality. (Valles v. Comelec, 9 August 2000)

Question 20

, under which
Filipino citizens who become naturalized citizens of a foreign country may retain their
Filipino citizenship

Answer 20

Republic Act 9225

Question 21

The voluntary loss or
renunciation of one’s nationality

Answer 21

expatriation

Question 22

enumerates the three
modes by which Philippine citizenship may be reacquired by a former citizen:

Answer 22

1. by naturalization,
2. by repatriation,and
3. by direct act of Congress

Question 23

is a mode for both acquisition and reacquisition of Philippine citizenship.

Answer 23

Naturalization

Question 24

acquiring Philippine citizenship, naturalization is governed by

Answer 24

Commonwealth Act No. 473

Question 25

naturalization as a mode for reacquiring Philippine citizenship is governed by

Answer 25

Commonwealth Act No. 63.

Question 25

Repatriation, on the other hand, may be had under various statutes by those who lost their citizenship due to:

Answer 25

(1) desertion of the armed forces (2) service in the armed forces of the allied forces in World War II (3) service in the Armed Forces of the United States at any other time (4) marriage of a Filipino woman to an alien (5) political and economic necessity.

Question 26

is not a matter of right, but it is a privilege granted by the State.

Answer 26

Repatriation

Question 27

refers to the situation in which a person simultaneously owes, by some positive act, loyalty to two or more states.

Answer 27

Dual allegiance

Question 28

DUTIES and OBLIGATION of CITIZENS

Answer 28

§ To be loyal to the Republic § To defend the States (Sec.3, Art.2 Constitution) § T contribute to the development and welfare of the State § To uphold the constitution and obey the laws § To cooperate with duly constituted authorities § To exercise rights responsibly and with due regard to the rights of others § To engage in gainful works § To register and vote (Suffrage, Art. 5 Phil. Constitution)

Question 29

It refers to the right and obligation to vote in the election of all public officials and in the determination of all questions submitted to the people for their ratification

Answer 29

suffrage

Question 30

a person is simultaneously considered a national by two or more states due to the overlapping application of their citizenship laws. This happens involuntarily; the person doesn't choose it.

Answer 30

dual citizenship

Question 31

– (popular vote) ratify or reject constitutional amendments or proposed laws

Answer 31

Plebiscite

Question 32

- (direct vote of the people) adopt or reject any act or measure which has been passed by a legislative body Initiative – the right of the people to propose & enact laws (Art. XVII, sec.2)

Answer 32

Referendum

Question 33

– the right of the people to propose & enact laws (Art. XVII, sec.2)

Answer 33

Initiative

Question 34

Refers to a person’s complete civil and political rights and participation in a political community. This membership entails a responsibility of allegiance on the side of the member and a duty of protection on the part of the state.

Answer 34

Citizenship

Question 35

citizenship or nationality? membership in a democratic or political community

Answer 35

citizenship

Question 36

citizenship or nationality? follows the exercise of civil and political rights

Answer 36

Citizenship

Question 36

citizenship or nationality? is membership in any political community whether monarchial, autocratic or democratic

Answer 36

nationality

Question 37

citizenship or nationality? does not necessarily carry with it the exercise of political rights

Answer 37

nationality

Question 38

which result in the acquisition by the wife of the citizenship of the husband in case of difference in citizenship of the parties, except where the wife is barred from acquiring the citizenship of the husband by law of the nation of the latter.

Answer 38

marriage

Question 39

Acquisition of citizenship after reaching the age of majority.

Answer 39

ELECTION

Question 40

The following are citizens of the Philippines: (Article IV Sec.1, 1987 Constitution)

Answer 40

1. Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the time of the adoption of this Constitution 2. Those whose fathers or mothers are citizens of the Philippines 3. Those born before January 17, 1973, of Filipino mothers, who elect Philippine Citizenship upon reaching the age of majority 4. Those who are naturalized in accordance with law.

Question 41

Is a loyalty owed by a person to his state.

Answer 41

Allegiance

Question 42

In this instance, it is a level of loyalty that requires renouncing previous loyalties to other governments, titles, and rulers and promising to defend the

Answer 42

allegiance

Question 43

a Filipino citizen’s (including dual citizens and former Filipinos) foreign spouse and children are entitled to a visa-free entry to the Philippines and visa-free stay for a period of one (1) year, provided they enter the Philippines with the said Filipino and they have a return air travel ticket.

Answer 43

Balikbayan Law

Question 44

when a person whose parents are citizens of a state which adheres to the principle of jus sanguinis is born in a state which follows the doctrine of jus soli. Such a person, ipso facto and without any voluntary act on his part, is concurrently considered a citizen of both states.

Answer 44

dual citizenship

Question 45

DUAL CITIZENSHIP or DUAL ALLEGIANCE Not a product of a citizen’s voluntariness

Answer 45

DUAL CITIZENSHIP

Question 45

DUAL CITIZENSHIP or DUAL ALLEGIANCE It is allowed by the Constitution

Answer 45

DUAL CITIZENSHIP

Question 46

DUAL CITIZENSHIP or DUAL ALLEGIANCE Prohibited by the Constitution

Answer 46

DUAL ALLEGIANCE

Question 47

Not inimical to public interest

Answer 47

DUAL CITIZENSHIP

Question 48

DUAL CITIZENSHIP or DUAL ALLEGIANCE Inimical to public interest

Answer 48

DUAL ALLEGIANCE

Question 51

DUAL CITIZENSHIP or DUAL ALLEGIANCE A product of a citizen’s voluntariness

Answer 51

DUAL ALLEGIANCE

Question 52

a person must demonstrate that he or she is a “refugee,” that he or she is not barred from asylum for any of the reasons listed in our immigration laws, and that the decision-maker should grant asylum as a matter of discretion.

Answer 52

asylum

Question 53

is any person who is outside his or her country of nationality (or, if stateless, outside the country of last habitual residence)

Answer 53

refugee

Question 54

unable or unwilling to return to that country because of persecution or well-founded fear of persecution on account of race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or membership in a particular social group.

Answer 54

refugee

Question 55

It refers to the right and obligation to vote in the election of all public officials and in the determination of all questions submitted to the people for their ratification

Answer 55

suffrage

Question 56

NATURE OF THE RIGHT OF SUFFRAGE

Answer 56

1. A mere privilege 2. A political right

Question 56

Disqualified Voters

Answer 56

1.Any person who has been sentenced by final judgment to suffer imprisonment of not less than one (1) year, such disability not having been removed by plenary pardon; but such person shall automatically reacquire the right to vote upon expiration of 15 years after service of sentence. 2. Any person who has been adjudged by final judgment by competent court of having violated his oath of allegiance to the Republic of the Philippines. 3. Insane, feeble minded or incompetent persons as declared by competent authority 4. No literacy, property or substantive requirement (education, sex, tax paying ability) shall be imposed on the exercise of suffrage. Property requirement is inconsistent with social justice principle (presupposes equal opportunity for all rich and poor alike).

Question 56

may be exercised by all citizens of the Philippines not otherwise disqualified by law

Answer 56

Suffrage

Question 56

QUALIFICATIONS OF VOTERS

Answer 56

1. A citizen (male or female) of the Philippines 2. Not otherwise disqualified by law 3. At least 18 years of age 4. Have resided in the Philippines for at least one (1) year and in the place wherein he proposes to vote for a least six (6) months preceding the election.

Question 57

SCOPE OF SUFFRAGE

Answer 57

1. Plebiscite 2. Referendum 3. Ratification 4. Initiative 5. Recall

Question 58

is a mandatory requirement for exercising suffrage.

Answer 58

Voter registration

Question 59

Voters must undergo biometric data capture (fingerprints, photograph, and signature)

Answer 59

Biometric Data

Question 60

Voter registration is governed by (law) ?? and regulated by the Commission on Elections (COMELEC).

Answer 60

Republic Act No. 8189 (The Voter’s Registration Act of 1996)

Question 61

Biometric Data under the (law)??

Answer 61

Mandatory Biometrics Registration Act of 2013 (Republic Act No. 10367).

Question 62

is issued after successful registration, although failure to present the voter’s ID does not automatically disqualify a voter on Election Day

Answer 62

Voter’s ID

Question 63

Registered voters who have not voted in two consecutive regular elections are deactivated but can apply for ______ of their records.

Answer 63

Reactivation

Question 64

allows Filipino citizens residing or working abroad to participate in national elections (presidential, vice-presidential, senatorial, and party-list elections) and national plebiscites.

Answer 64

Overseas Absentee Voting (OAV) Republic Act No. 9189

Question 65

This allows certain groups such as members of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), Philippine National Police (PNP), and government employees on duty on Election Day to vote ahead of time for national positions.

Answer 65

Local Absentee Voting

Question 66

2 Absentee Voting

Answer 66

1. Overseas Absentee Voting (OAV) 2. Local Absentee Voting

Question 67

Election Offenses and Prohibited Acts Some common election offenses under the Omnibus Election Code include:

Answer 67

1. Vote-buying and vote-selling 2. Coercion or intimidation 3. Electioneering 4. Illegal campaign propaganda 5. Tampering with election results 6. Multiple voting 7. Violation of the prohibition on firearms

Question 68

mandates the use of an Automated Election System to ensure the quick, accurate, and credible conduct of elections. The use of vote-counting machines (VCMs) has been in effect in recent elections.

Answer 68

Republic Act No. 9369

Question 69

Offering money or any consideration in exchange for votes.

Answer 69

Vote-buying and vote-selling

Question 70

Using force or threats to influence voters.

Answer 70

Coercion or intimidation

Question 71

The use of unlawful posters, media advertisements, or social media content outside the allowable campaign period.

Answer 71

Illegal campaign propaganda

Question 72

Altering or falsifying vote tallies.

Answer 72

Tampering with election results

Question 73

Voting more than once in the same election.

Answer 73

Multiple voting

Question 74

Carrying firearms or deadly weapons during the election period is strictly prohibited.

Answer 74

Violation of the prohibition on firearms

Question 75

right granted by the constitution

Answer 75

political

Question 76

relationship with other people in the community including family

Answer 76

civil