lesson 5.3-5.55 Flashcards
(21 cards)
is a measure of earthquake size.
magnitude
Describes the degree the shaking caused by an earthquake at a
given place and decreases from the earthquake origin or
epicenter.
intensity
a system to measure
the magnitude of an earthquake.
the richter scale
the richter scale was developed in 1935 by ———-
Charles Richter
measures intensity on how strong the effect of the earthquake are.
modified mercalli scale
Measures how an earthquake its felt based on its effect on an area.
represented by Roman Numerals 1 being the weakest.
PHILVOCS Earthquake Intensity scale.
Perceptible to people under
favorable circumstances.
Delicately balanced objects are
slightly disturbed.
Water oscillates slowly.
I (Scarcely Perceptible)
Felt by few people at
rest indoors.
Hanging objects swing
slightly.
Water oscillates
noticeably.
II (Slightly Felt)
Felt by many people indoors,
especially upper floors of buildings.
Vibrations are felt like a passing of a
light truck.
Dizziness and Nausea are felt by
some people.
III (weak)
Felt by people indoors and some people outdoors.
Light sleepers are awakened.
Floors and wood-framed buildings creak.
Standing motor cars may slightly rock.
Rumbling sound may be sometimes heard.
IV (Moderately Strong)
Felt by most people Both indoors and outdoors.
Many sleeping people are awakened.
Strong shaking and rocking felt throughout the building
Dining utensils clatter and clink.
Unstable object may fall or overturn.
Standing Vehicles rock noticeably.
Shaking of trees are noticeable.
V ( Strong)
Many people are frightened
Some people lose their balance
Heavy objects or furniture may move or shifted.
Wall plaster may crack
Very old or poorly-built structures and house may be damaged.
Limited rocks fall and rolling boulders occur in hilly to mountainous areas and
escarpments.
VI (Very strong)
Most people are frightened.
People find it hard to stand in upper floors.
Heavy objects and furniture topple or overturn.
Old and poorly-built structures suffer considerable damage.
Some cracks may appear on dikes, fish ponds, road surfaces, or concrete hollow block walls.
VII (Destructive)
People find it difficult to stand, even outdoors.
Many well built buildings are considerably damaged.
Numerous landslides and rockfalls occur on hill and mountainous areas.
VIII( Very destructive)
People are forcibly thrown to the ground.
Most buildings are totally damaged.
Bridges and elevated concrete structures are toppled or
destroyed.
Landslides and liquefaction with lateral spreading and sand boils
are widespread.
IX (Devastating)
All human-made structures are destroyed.
Massive landslides and liquefaction
Destructive seiches in large lakes occur
Many trees are topples, broken, and uprooted.
X( Very devastating)
Are essential in understanding the risk present in a certain area.
Shows the different degrees of hazard, usually classified into low,
moderate, and high degrees.
hazard maps
Practical uses of a hazard map:
Development of new building codes, building and design
Citing the best location of bridges nationwide
Determination of insurance rates, business and land-use planning, etc
(DENR)
Department of Environment and Natural
Resources
10 provinces which will be most likely hit by an earthquake:
Surigao Del Sur
La Union
Benguet
Pangasinan
Pampanga
Tarlac
Ifugao
Davao Oriental
Nueva Vizcaya
Nueva Ecija
Ways to Respond after an earthquake
Listen to local knowledge
Children need priority attention
Don’t ignore aftershocks
‘Invisible’ must be addressed
Correct information must save lives
- Quick Decisions and good leadership can make or break recovery efforts
- Treat people with dignity
- Earthquake preparedness is vital in saving lives
- Aid workers are human beings first and relief workers second.
- Recovery will be a marathon not a sprint.
