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lesson 6 Flashcards

1
Q

acquiring something new

A

learning

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2
Q

six kind of learning

A

habituation
associative learning
social/model learning
skill learning
verbal learning
cognitive learning

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3
Q

“we get used”
it is the simplest kind of learning

A

habituation

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4
Q

associations between a stimulus and a response (S-R theory)

A

associative learning

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5
Q

two kinds of learning by association

A

classical conditioning
operant conditioning

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6
Q

transfer of response from one stimulus to another stimulus through repeated pairing (involuntary/ occur naturally)
- Ivan Pavlov

A

classical conditioning

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7
Q

something which does not trigger a specific reaction

A

neutral stimulus

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8
Q

something that naturally triggers an automatic response (ex. dogfood)

A

unconditioned stimulus

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9
Q

is the automatic reaction to that stimulus (ex. salivation)

A

unconditioned response

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10
Q

a neutral stimulus that produces a response after being repeatedly paired with an unconditioned stimulus (US)

A

conditioned stimulus

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11
Q

a behavior that does not come naturally, but must be learned by the individual by pairing a neutral stimulus with a potent stimulus

A

conditioned response

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12
Q

constant association

A

acquisition

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13
Q

pag natangal na yung dogfood or yung stimulus

A

extinction

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14
Q

pag na introduce uli yung stimulus or dogfood

A

spontaneous recovery

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15
Q

na generalized na kahit di galing sa amo/any same don sa Metrodome

A

stimulus generalization

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16
Q

no response to different stimulus

A

discrimination

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17
Q

second object kahit di yung stimulus mismo

A

higher order conditioning

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18
Q

a learning method that uses rewards and punishments to change behavior (voluntary)
B.F Skinner

A

operant conditioning

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19
Q

• laging may binibigay, giving something pleasant
ex. giving a child a treat when he or she is polite to a stranger to increase the frequency of the behavioral response

A

positive reinforcement

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20
Q
  • remove/walang binibigay
  • take something away. It is this removal of a stimulus that is intended to strengthen a desirable behavior
A

negative reinforcement

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21
Q
  • when you add a consequence to unwanted behavior. You do this to make it less appealing.
    ex. adding more chores to the list when your child neglects their responsibilities.
A

positive punishment

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22
Q
  • remove a pleasant stimulus to decrease a behavior
    ex. when a child misbehaves, a parent can take away a favorite toy
A

negative punishment

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23
Q

reinforcement for every response of the correct type
ex. every time the dog sits when the command is spoken, the dog receives a treat

A

continuous

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24
Q

reinforcement following completion of a specific number of responses
ex. a child must do five chores before receiving an allowance, so the child conducts 5 chores knowing they will receive their compensation.

A

fixed ratio

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25
reinforcement for an unpredictable number of responses that varies around a mean value ex. Slot Machines
variable ratio
26
reinforcement for the first response that follows a given delay since the previous reinforcement ex. sweldo
fixed interval
27
reinforcement after random time intervals ex. shooting stars
variable interval
28
rewarding the behavior time to time
shaping
29
basic survival needs ex. water, food, air
primary reinforcement
30
stimulus that reinforces a behavior after it has been associated with a primary reinforcement
secondary reinforcement
31
four steps of modeling learning of Albert Bandura and give their meaninga
attention - ability to focus retention - ability to remember motoric reproduction - ability to mimic reinforcement - internal and external response
32
acquiring new skills
skill learning
33
three steps of skill learning and give their meaning
COGNITION - process of you learning it in the first time FIXATION - you keep doing it to be automative AUTOMATION - if u can multi task na
34
use of words, either as stimulus or responses speaking, reading, writing, and reciting
verbal learning
35
kinds of verbal learning and give their meaning
SERIAL - learning it orderly, in order ability from you to remember the word from first to last FREE RECALL LEARNING - recalling the words in any order PAIRED ASSOCIATE LEARNING - learn items in pair
36
internal process happening in the brain
cognitive learning
37
reproducing past learning without a clue nasasagot mo kahit walang clue or di ka mag-recall
recall
38
ability to identify learned items that are familiar may choices
recognition
39
reconstructing of past learning may clue
reintegration
40
reviewing previous learning
relearning
41
refers to how you transform a physical, sensory input into a representation that can be placed into memory from physical - brain
encoding
42
how you store or keep encoded information in memory
storage
43
how you gain access to information stored in memory
retrieval
44
how you gain access to information stored in memory
retrieval
45
three memory stores
sensory store - voluntary sense short term store- mins to secs long term store - very long period
46
three memory stores
sensory store - voluntary sense short term store- mins to secs long term store - very long period
47
concepts that are not themselves directly measurable or observable but that serve as mental models for understanding how psychological phenomenon works
hypothetical construct
48
types of long term memory - general knowledge, hindi makakalimutan kasi fact siya
semantic memory
49
types of long term memory - memorable events or episodes
episodic memory
50
types of long term memory - actions na hindi mo makakalimutan ex. shoe ties, pagsusuklay
procedural memory
51
short term to long term - repeated recitation of an item effects of such are practice
rehearsal
52
types of rehearsal - somehow elaborates or explain on the items to be remembered
elaborative rehearsal
53
type of rehearsal - simply repeats the item to be remembered
maintenance rehearsal
54
type of rehearsal - simply repeats the item to be remembered
maintenance rehearsal
55
refers to memory of an individual's history
autobiographical memory
56
refers to memory of an individual's history
autobiographical memory
57
it is a kind of autobiographical memory - a memory of an event so powerful that the person remembers the event as vividly as if it were indelibly preserve on film
flash bulb memory
58
it is a kind of autobiographical memory - a memory of an event so powerful that the person remembers the event as vividly as if it were indelibly preserve on film
flash bulb memory
59
most famous mnemonists
S, VP, SF S has no limit VP can memorize long string of numbers SF inaaral
60
photographic memory
eidetikers
61
memory loss
amnesia
62
inability to remember events before the traumatic event
retrograde amnesia
63
inability to remember events after the traumatic event
anterograde amnesia
64
it is under of alzheimer's disease decrease in brain
atrophy
65
diagnosed when memory is impaired and there is a least one other area of this function in the domains of language motor attention executive function personality or object recognition
exceptional memory
66
failure to retain what was previously learned information is lost
forgetting
67
refers to forgetting that occurs because we call of certain words interferes with recall of other words
interference theory
68
conditions in which new learning interferes with old learning
retroactive interference
69
occurs when old information or knowledge interferes with the learning of new information
proactive interference
70
nalimutan mo yung memory mo kasi matagal na nangyari
decay theory
71
regarded as a sequence of symbolic processes to implicitly manipulate ideas or objects that are physically absent to the senses
thinking
72
kind of thinking that are based on practicality
realistic thinking
73
it is kind of realistic thinking na ito'y nakakasanayan mo na nagwo-work sa'yo
close system thinking
74
type of realistic thinking new study habit mo
adventurous thinking
75
three processes - general principles to specific
deductive thinking
76
three processes - specific to general
inductive thinking
77
three processes -judge the soundness or appropriateness of an idea based on norms
evaluative or critical thinking
78
kind of thinking - engage in thinking just for pleasure of it like in the case of daydreaming and wishful thinking
autistic thinking

ITP (4 decks)

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