LESSON 6: BIOMES, MARINE ENVIRONMENT, AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS

Question 1

Branch of biology that deals with components and structure of ecosystems as well as the interactions between species in an ecosystem

Answer 1

Ecology

Question 2

describes the place or set of environmental conditions in which a particular organism lives

Answer 2

Habitat

Question 3

describes both the role played by a species in a biological community and the total set of environmental factors that determine a species distribution

Answer 3

Ecological niche

Question 4

Large, relatively distinct terrestrial region that has similar climate, soil, plants, and animals regardless of where it occurs

Answer 4

Biomes

Question 5

Temperatures are warm to hot with abundant rainfall all year round. Soil is thin, acidic, and nutrient poor. Rapid decomposition and recycling of nutrients

Answer 5

Tropical Rainforest

Question 6

you can find evergreen flowering plants, epiphyte communities, insects, reptiles, amphibians, birds, canopy-dwelling mammals in this area

Answer 6

Tropical Rainforest

Question 7

Tropical grasslands. Have rainy season but rains are less dependable

Answer 7

Savanna

Question 8

you can find grasses, sparse tree populations with fire-adapted features, herds of herbivores (antelopes, giraffes, zebras, elephants) and large predators (lions, hyenas) in this area

Answer 8

Savanna

Question 9

Low precipitation. Low water vapor leads to daily temperature extremes of hot and cold

Answer 9

Dessert

Question 10

you can find cacti, yuccas, Joshua trees, sage brushes, dessert animals, insects, reptiles, estivating animals in this area

Answer 10

Desert

Question 11

Occur in midlatitude areas with enough rain. Has organic rich soils. Converted to farmlands (corn, soy, wheat, etc.)

Answer 11

Temperate Grasslands

Question 12

you can find mix of grasses and herbaceous flowering plants, prairies, bison, wolves, coyotes, prairie dogs, falcons, insects in this area

Answer 12

Temperate Grasslands

Question 13

Deciduous or evergreen temperate forests. Midlatitude forests experiencing four seasons. Supplies wood for lumber and pulpwood

Answer 13

Temperate forests

Question 14

you can find deciduous trees, large evergreen trees, epiphyte vegetation (mosses, lichens, ferns), Squirrels, wood rats, numerous bird species, mountain lions, wolves, deer, bears, small mammals, birds in this area

Answer 14

Temperate forests

Question 15

Cold temperatures, evergreen forest of the north

Answer 15

Boreal Forests/ Taiga

Question 16

you can find conifers, pine trees, hemlocks, Caribou, wolves, bears, moose, rodents, rabbits, lynx, migratory birds, insects, few amphibians and reptile in this area

Answer 16

Boreal Forests/ Taiga

Question 17

Extreme northern latitudes. Below freezing temperatures, permafrost. Low species richness and low primary productivity. Threatened by climate change.

Answer 17

Tundra

Question 18

you can find mosses, lichens, occasional dwarf willows and dwarf birches, weasels, arctic foxes, gray wolves, snowy owls, mosquitoes, blackflies, migration of waterfowl, shorebirds, terns, and songbirds in this area

Answer 18

Tundra

Question 19

marine environment is depend on ____________________

Answer 19

photosynthetic organisms (algae, phytoplanktons)

Question 20

Oceans nearly cover ____ of the earth’s surface

Answer 20

¾

Question 21

Relatively low productivity but source of commercial fisheries

Answer 21

Open oceans

Question 22

(bottom/sea floor)

Answer 22

Benthic

Question 23

(floating) zones

Answer 23

pelagic

Question 24

Extraordinary biological productivity. Beautiful organisms. Has a clear, shallow waters, with sufficient light penetration

Answer 24

coral reefs

Question 25

it support sea turtles, fish, other species

Answer 25

Free-floating mats of algae

Question 26

support rich communities of grazers (turtles, snails, dugongs)

Answer 26

sea grass beds

Question 27

Salt-tolerant trees. Dissipate wave energy. Sediments and organic material provide nutrients. Nursing grounds. Destroyed by human activities and converted to shrimp and fishponds

Answer 27

Mangrove areas

Question 28

Meeting of rivers and open seas

Answer 28

Estuaries and salt marshes

Question 29

flooded regularly with sea water

Answer 29

Wetlands

Question 30

Less extensive than marine environment. It support terrestrial communities

Answer 30

Freshwater Ecosystems

Question 31

Vertical layers. Diverse organisms living on different depths. You can find Planktons, floating plants, insects, fishes, snails, worms there

Answer 31

Lakes

Question 32

shallow ecosystems in which the land surface is saturated or submerged at least part of the year. It replenish groundwater resource, filter urban and farm run-off

Answer 32

Wetlands

Question 33

Constantly changing environmental conditions. Movement of organisms, nutrients, and pollutants too

Answer 33

Rivers and streams