LESSON 6: Vascular seed plants (angiosperms) Flashcards
(14 cards)
Which of all plant phyla are the most successful today?
Angiosperms
What do angiosperms have in addition to gymnosperms? What does it enable them to do?
They have an additional more specialized type of water-conducting cell. It is larger and open-ended which thus moves water more rapidly from roots to shoots.
What do modifications in angiosperms phloem tissues enable them to do?
They allow it to transport sugars produced in photosynthesis more efficiently through the plant body.
Do angiosperms co-evolve with any other species?
Yes, plants and their pollinators (insects, birds, …) co-evolve.
What advantages of angiosperms enables them to use coevolution better (2)?
1) Their enhanced nutrition and physical protection for embryos
2) Other changes that increase the like hood of successfully reproduction and dispersal of offspring
What is particular about the development of an angiosperm zygote?
It develops into an embryo enclosed within a seed. In a seed, early versions of the basic plant tissue systems are already in place so the embryo is already a sporophyte.
What happens during one or more seasons of an angiosperm sporophyte’s growth and development?
One or more of its vegetative shoots undergo changes in structure and function. They become reproductive shoots that will give rise to a flower or an inflorescence.
What are the 2 parts of a flower?
A flower consists of both sterile and fertile parts.
What does a flower have in a quantity of 4?
It has 4 concentric circles (whorls) of organs, all of which are modified leaves.
What do the 2 outer whorls consist of in a flower?
Of sterile vegetative organs.
Of what is made up the outer most whorl (whorl 1)?
If leaflike sepals
What is whorl 2 made of?
Petals of distinctive colors, pattering and shapes which play an important role in attracting pollinators.
Of what is composed whorl 3 (the stamens)?
It is the whorl in which the male gametophytes form. It consists of a slender filament capped by an anther.
What is the innermost whorl (the fourths) that consists of one or more carpels made of?
It is where the female gametophytes form. The lower part is the ovary, inside the ovary are 1 or more ovules, inside the ovule and egg develops and fertilization takes place. The carpel’s slender style widens at the upper end into the stigma a receptive surface for pollen.
