Lesson 6: Water Potential Flashcards
(13 cards)
What types of interactions occur during solvation in water?
Hydrogen bonding forms between solute and water molecules; attractions occur between charged ions and polar water molecules.
What is a hypertonic solution?
higher concentration of solutes compared to another solution.
What is a hypotonic solution?
a solution with a lower concentration of solutes compared to another solution.
What is an isotonic solution?
two solutions that have the same concentration of solutes.
What is osmosis?
The passive movement of water molecules from an area of high water potential to an area of lower water potential.
What happens to plant cells in a hypertonic solution?
Cell becomes plasmolyzed (shrivelled)
cell membrane and cytoplasm detaches from cell wall.
What happens to plant cells in a hypotonic solution?
Cell becomes turgid
Vacuole swells and pushes against the cell wall
The cell develops turgor pressure
What happens to plant cells in an isotonic solution?
no net movement of water
Cell is flaccid
What happens to animal cells in hypertonic solutions?
Crenation (shrinkage)
What happens to animal cells in hypotonic solution?
Lysis (bursting)
What is the relationship between number of water molecules and pressure potential?
More molecules means more collisions with the membrane therefore higher pressure potential.
What are some medical applications of isotonic solutions?
transporting organs + IV drips
How do freshwater unicellular organisms manage excess water?
They use contractile vacuoles to actively remove water.
