lesson 7

Question 1

true or false:
people’s definition of good life may vary and differ in the particulars.

Answer 1

true

Question 2

how to answer this question: “are we living the good life?”

Answer 2

1. standard that can be used to define ‘ the good life’
   [could be a set of values or principles that define what makes life meaningful and fulfilling. For example, it could include happiness, health, relationships, purpose, and the well-being of others.]
2. how can the standard serve as a guide toward living a good life amid scientific advancement.
   [can help us navigate the challenges of modern life, especially as science and technology advance. It reminds us that progress should not only focus on technological achievements but also on improving human well-being and ethics.]

Question 3

a book written by Aristotle’s son

Answer 3

Nicomachean Ethics by Nicomachus
- explores what makes a good, moral life.
- divided into 10 books and focuses on the nature of human happiness and how it relates to our unique human qualities.

Question 4

A treatise on nature of moral life and human happiness based on the unique essence of human nature

Answer 4

Nicomachean Ethics by Nicomachus

Question 5

definitions of good life

Answer 5

Characterized by happiness that springs from living and doing well.
[about finding joy in doing the right things and living in alignment with your values.]

State of being happy, healthy and prosperous (think, lives and act).
[thinking, living, and acting in ways that promote overall well-being.]

Can be attained thru virtues of thought and character
[developing virtues like kindness, wisdom, and courage, which shape our thoughts and actions.]

A flourishing life filled with meaningful endeavors
- empowers the human person to be the best version of himself
[engaging in activities that give life purpose and value, helping you grow and contribute to the world.
reaching your full potential and becoming the best you can be through personal growth and ethical living.]

Question 6

good as a means to achieve something else =
good in itself, something worthwhile not because it leads to something else =

Answer 6

good as a means to achieve something else = Instrumental good
good in itself, something worthwhile not because it leads to something else = Intrinsic good

Question 7

It’s something good because it helps us achieve something else (like money, which helps us live a good life).

Answer 7

instrumental good

example:
Wealth, success, and education (they help us achieve happiness).

Question 8

It’s something valuable for its own sake (like love, knowledge, or happiness).

Answer 8

intrinsic good

example:
Happiness, knowledge, love, beauty, virtue, freedom, and truth (worthwhile on their own).

Question 9

The highest good, which is sought for its own value, like happiness.

Answer 9

ultimate good

Question 10

what are the ultimate good

Answer 10

1. Pleasure- food, experiences
   transitory and does not encompass all aspects of life
   [It comes and goes, so it’s not the ultimate good.]
2. Wealth
   wealthy but still unhappy with the lives they live
   is just intermediate good
   is self-sufficient only
   [o only self-sufficient—it doesn’t bring true contentment.]
3. Fame and Honor
   based on the perceptions of others
   [ they’re based on external perceptions, not on something that is truly good for you inside.]

Question 11

ultimate good

Answer 11

happiness

Question 12

happiness is living well and doing well

Answer 12

Aristotelian sense

Question 13

means happiness and welfare; human flourishing and welfare

Answer 13

Eudaimonia
- a Greek word:
eu = good
daimon =spirit

Question 14

2 hallmarks of Eudaimonia (Aristotle)

Answer 14

1. Virtue
   [Being a good person, having moral qualities like kindness, honesty, and courage.]
2. Excellence
   [Doing things well and reaching your full potential in all areas of life (like your work, relationships, and personal growth).]

• transcends all aspects of life for it is about living well and doing well in whatever one does.
  [ not just about feeling good or enjoying things temporarily. It’s about living a life that is deeply meaningful and aligned with your true nature. It affects all parts of your life, leading to lasting happiness and fulfillment]

Question 15

souls are what make them living things

Answer 15

alive

Question 16

briefly explain Eudaimonia

Answer 16

unique human function
achieved through a rationally directed life
Aristotle’s notion of a tripartite soul illustrates a hierarchy of the functions and activities of the soul.
the degrees and functions of the soul are nested, such that the one which has a higher degree of soul has all of the lower degrees.

[it is something only humans can fully achieve because of our unique ability to think and reason.
Aristotle believed that to live a good life, we need to use our reason to guide our actions. This is what makes us different from animals and plants.]

Question 17

Tripartite Soul (3 parts of the soul)

Answer 17

Vegetative (nutritive) soul:
possessed by plants;
allows only growth, assimilation of food, and reproduction
[Focuses on basic life functions like growth and nutrition.]

• Growth/nutrition
• Reproduction

Sensitive soul (animals):
possessed by animals but not plants;
organisms with a sensitive soul sense and respond to the environment, experience pleasure and pain, and have a memory
[Adds the ability to feel and move.]

Locomotion
* Perception

Rational soul (humans):
possessed only by humans;
adds thinking and rational thought to the functions of the other two souls.
[The highest level — we can think, reflect, and make choices based on reason.]

• Theoretical
• Practical

[Each higher level includes the lower ones. So humans have all three, but what makes us uniquely human is our ability to reason, and that’s how we achieve eudaimonia — by living a thoughtful, virtuous life.]

Question 18

true or false:
To live a good life to is to live a happy life. Happiness defines a good life.

Answer 18

true
1. avoid sugary food
2. observe proper waste management

Question 19

Aristotle: life of ___, a life of ___

Answer 19

virtue
excellence

Question 20

Arete in Greek

Answer 20

excellence of any kind or moral virtue

Question 21

it is the constant practice of the good no matter how difficult

Answer 21

virtue
this is important in attaining of good life = happiness
excellence of character that empowers one to do and be good.
cultivated with habit and discipline as it is not a one-time time deed
[being a good person by consistently doing what is right, even when it’s hard]

Question 22

types of virtue

Answer 22

1. Intellectual
2. Moral

[intellectual virtues are learned by thinking and studying, while moral virtues are developed by doing and practicing good actions.]

Question 23

Achieved through education, time and experience; can be instructed

Answer 23

Intellectual
◦ Wisdom - knowing what is truly impt
◦ Understanding - making sense of things
◦ Scientific knowledge knowing hoe the world works
[u grow your intellectual virtues by studying and thinking]

Question 24

Achieved through habitual practice or by “living them”; we acquire and not inherent

Answer 24

Moral
* Generosity -giving to others
* Temperance - self control
* Courage - doing the right thing even when scared
*Is like a skill that is learned through repeated practice
[u grow your moral virtues by practicing good behavior every day]

Question 25

Good relationship dynamics and a healthy environment contribute with one’s wellness, in how he or she lives and does.

Answer 25

virtue Virtue means finding the middle ground between too much and too little of something. Too much = excess Too little = deficiency If you go to either extreme, you lose the virtue. [Example: Courage If you have too little courage, you’re a coward. If you have too much, you become reckless. True courage is the balance: facing fear wisely and acting appropriately in a tough situation]

Question 26

state of being happy

Answer 26

eudaimonia - It's a life where you feel truly happy, healthy, and fulfilled - You reach the good life by developing good habits (virtue of character) and thinking wisely (virtue of thought). - True happiness comes from living a virtuous life, not from money, fame, or pleasure. [The good life is living with purpose and goodness, where you grow in wisdom and character, leading to real happiness (eudaimonia).]

Question 27

what is the role of technology in achieving good life

Answer 27

leads to a good life as it is responsible for advancement in all sectors of the economy. - bcs it provides us a means to achieve something faster and in an easier manner [tech helps us reach the good life by making things easier, faster, and more efficient, allowing us to live healthier, smarter, and more connected lives.]