Lesson 7: Motivating

Question 1

_________________ refers to the act of “giving employees reasons or incentives … to work to achieve organizational objectives.”

Answer 1

Motivating

Question 2

_________________ refers to the process of activating behavior, sustaining it, and directing it toward a particular goal.”

Answer 2

Motivation

Question 3

Give the 3 factors contributing to motivation.

1. _________________________ People who like what they are doing are highly motivated to produce the expected output.
2. ______________________________ When employees feel that they have the required skill and training to perform a task, the more motivated they become.
3. ____________________ . People will do their jobs well if they feel that by doing so, their needs will be satisfied.

Answer 3

1. Willingness to do a job.
2. Self-confidence in carrying out a task.
3. Needs satisfaction.

Question 4

Give the 4 theories of motivation.

Answer 4

1. Maslow’s needs hierarchy theory
2. Herzberg’s two-factor theory
3. Expectancy theory
4. Goal setting theory

Question 5

Give the 5 basic human needs according to Abraham Maslow.

Answer 5

physiological, security, social, self-esteem, and self-actualization

Question 6

These needs are ______________, which means, one need will have to be satisfied first before the other need.

Answer 6

hierarchical

Question 7

___________________. Those that are concerned with biological needs like food, drink, rest, and sex fall under the category of physiological needs. These needs take priority over other needs.

Answer 7

Physiological Needs

Question 8

_________________. After satisfying the physiological needs, people will sook to satisfy their safety needs. These needs include freedom from harm coming from the elements or from other people, financial security which may be affected by loss of job or the breadwinner in the family, etc.

Answer 8

Security Needs

Question 9

_____________. After satisfying his physiological and security needs, the employee well now strive to secure love affection, and the need to be accepted by peers.

Answer 9

Social Needs

Question 10

______________. The fourth level of needs is called esteem needs and they refer to the need for a positive self-image and self-respect and the need to be respected by others.

Answer 10

Esteem Needs

Question 11

_______________________. The fifth and the topmost level needs in the hierarchy are called self-actualization needs and involve realizing our full potential as human beings and becoming all that we are able to be

Answer 11

Self-actualizaticn Needs

Question 12

The ________________ is one developed by Frederick Herzberg indicating that a satisfied employee is motivated from within to work harder and that a dissatisfied employee is not self-motivated.

Answer 12

Two-factor theory

Question 13

responsible for job satisfaction: achievement, recognition, work itself, responsibility, advancement, and growth are what?

Answer 13

Satisfiers or motivation factors

Question 14

company policy and administration, supervision, relationship with supervisor, work conditions, salary, relationship with peers, personal life, relationship with subordinates, status, and security are what?

Answer 14

Dissatisfiers or hygiene factors

Question 15

______________ theory is a motivation model based on the assumption that an individual will work depending on his perception of the probability of his expectations to happen

Answer 15

Expectancy

Question 16

An _____________ is a belief about the likelihood or probability that a particular behavioral act (like attending training sessions) will lead to a particular outcome (like a promotion).

Answer 16

expectancy

Question 17

____________ is the value an individual places on the expected outcomes or rewards.

Answer 17

Valence

Question 18

___________________ refers to the process of “improving performance with objectives, deadlines or quality standard.”10 When individuals or groups are assigned specific goals, a clear direction is provided and which later motivates them to achieve these goals.

Answer 18

Goal Setting

Question 19

The goal setting model drawn by Edwin A. Locke and his associates consists of the following components:

Give the 4.

Answer 19

1. goal content
2. goal commitment
3. work behavior
4. feedback aspects

Question 20

To be sufficient in content, _________ must be challenging, attainable, specific and measurable, time limited, and relevant.

Answer 20

goals

Question 21

Give the 4 techniques of motivation

Answer 21

1. motivation through job design
2. motivation through rewards
3. motivation through employee participation
4. other motivation techniques for the diverse work force.

Question 22

__________________ may be defined as “specifying the tasks that constitute a job for an individual or a group

Answer 22

Job Design

Question 23

In motivating through the use of job design, two approaches may be used:

Give the 2.

1.________________________. Routine and repetitive tasks make workers suffer from chronic dissatisfaction.

2. _____________________.Instead of changing the person, management may consider changing the job

Answer 23

1. Fitting People to Jobs.
2. Fitting Jobs to People

Question 24

To avoid Fitting People to Jobs, the following remedies may be adopted.

Give the 3.

1. _________________ - where management provides honest explanations of what a job actually entails.
2. ____________ - where people are moved periodically from one specialized job to another.
3. __________________ - where a worker’s exposure to a highly fragmented and tedious job is limited.

Answer 24

1. Realistic job previews
2. Job rotation
3. Limited exposure

Question 25

Fitting Jobs to People may be achieved with the use of the following:

Give the 2.

1. ____________________ -where two or more specialized tasks in a work flow sequence is combined into a single job.
2. __________________ - where efforts are made to make jobs more interesting, challenging, and rewarding.

Answer 25

1. Job enlargement
2. Job enrichment

Question 26

___________ consist of material and psychological benefits to employees for performing tasks in the workplace.

Answer 26

Reward

Question 27

Rewards may be classified into two categories:

Give the two.

1. ____________ - those which refer to payoffs granted to the individual by another party, Examples are money, employee benefits, promotions, recognition, status symbols, praise, etc.
2. _____________ - those which are internally experienced payoffs which ore self-granted. Examples are a sense of accomplishment, self· esteem and self-actualization.

Answer 27

1. Extrinsic
2. Intrinsic rewards

Question 28

The more popular approaches to participation in· eludes the following:

Give the 2.

1._______________________. A method of direct employee participation is the quality control circle (QCC). The objective of the QCC is to increase productivity and quality of output.

2. ___________________. When workers have reached a certain degree of discipline, they may be ripe for forming self-managed teams.

Answer 28

1. quality control circles
2. self-managed teams

Question 29

Give the 3 other motivation techniques.

Answer 29

1. flexible work schedules
2. family support services
3. sabbaticals.