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chem 111 > lesson 9-17 word answers > Flashcards

lesson 9-17 word answers Flashcards

1
Q

What is the moles number for ions, atoms, molecules, and formula unit?

A

6.022X10^23

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2
Q

What is a molecular formula?

A

actual number for each atom type in a molecule

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3
Q

what is an empirical formula?

A

It is the formula giving the lowest possible interger ratio of an element

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4
Q

is C10H5 an empirical formula or molecular formula?

A

molecular

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5
Q

what is limiting and excess reactants?

A

inspection and combining ratio

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6
Q

what are stiochiometric coefficents?

A

coefficients in chemical equation (before compounds)

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7
Q

what is stichiometry?

A

determing all masses and mass balance check

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8
Q

net ionic equations:

A

the simplified equation that shows only the ions, molecules compounds involved in change

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9
Q

what compunds are always soluble?

A

alkali metals ions, ammonium (NH4+), nitrate(NO3-), perchlorate (ClO4-), Chlorates (ClO3-), bicarbonates (HCO3-), acetates (CH3COO-), Nitrates (NO3-)

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10
Q

are Halides soluble?

A

yes

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11
Q

What insoluable exceptions are for Halides?

A

Ag+, Hg2^2+, Pb2+

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12
Q

Are sulfates soluable?

A

yes

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13
Q

are there an insoluable exceptions for sulfates?

A

yes, Ag+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Hg2+, and Pb2+

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14
Q

IS LITHIUM BROMIDE SOLUABLE?

A

YES

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15
Q

IS LEAD (II) SULFATE SOLUABLE?

A

NO

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16
Q

IS SOFIUM SULFATE SOLUABLE?

A

YES

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17
Q

IS AMMONIUM SULFIDE SOLUABLE?

A

YES

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18
Q

WHEN IS A PRODUCT KNOWN TO HAVE NO REACTION?

A

WHEN NEITHER OF THE COMPUNDS ARE SOLUABLE

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19
Q

WHEN IS A PRODUCT KNOWN AS AN EXHCANGE REACTION?

A

WHEN ONE OF THE PRODUCTS IS INSOLUABLE

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20
Q

WHAT HAPPPNES IN COMBINATION?

A

TWO SUBSTANCES COMBINE AND CREATE A THIRD SUBSTANCE TOGETHER

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21
Q

What is this reaction a example of? Fe(S)+O2(G)–> Fe2O3(s)

A

Combination

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22
Q

What is this equation an example of? CaCO3(s)–> CaO(s)+CO2

A

Decomposition

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23
Q

What happens in a Decomposition reaction?

A

A single compund reacts to give two or more substance

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24
Q

What happens in a combustion reaction?

A

A reaction has a substance with oxygen, causing a rapid release of heat and produces a flame

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25
What is this reaction an example of? C3H8(g)+O2-->CO2(g)+H2O(g)
Combustion
26
What happens in a displacement reaction?
An element reacts with a compound, displacing another element from the compound
27
What Reaction example is this? Zn(s)+HCl(aq)--> ZnCl2(aq)+H2(g)
Displacement
28
what happens in a exchange reaction?
two compounds involves the echange of parts
29
element+element-->Compound
combination
30
element+compund--> compound
combination
31
compound--> smaller compound+ element
decomposition
32
compound--> elements
decomposition
33
fuel+O2-->CO2+H2O
combustion
34
element+compound--> compound+element
displacement
35
Compound+compound--> compound +compound
exchange
36
A+B-->AB
Combination
37
AB--> A+B
decomposition
38
A+BD--> B+AD
displacement
39
AB+CD--> AC+BD
exchange
40
what determines if a substance is electrolyte?
if it dissolves in water and conducts electricity
41
what determines if a substance is non electrolyte?
if it dissovles in water but doesnt conduct electricity
42
SOME STRONG ELECTRLYTES:
SOLUABLE SALT, STRONG ACIDS, STRONG BASES
43
SOME WEAK ELECTRLYTES:
WEAK ACIDS, WEAK BASES, SPARING SOLUABLE SALTS
44
SOME NONELECTROLYTES:
MOLECULAR COMPOUND THAT ARENT WEAK ACIDS AND WEAK BASES (SUGAR/ALCOHOL)
45
DEFINITION OF CONCENTRATION-
QUANTITY OF A SUBSTANCE DISSOLVED IN SOME QUANTITY OF ANOTHER SUBSTANCE
46
DEFINITION OF MOLAR CONCENTRATION-
THE NUMBER OF MOLES OF SOLUTE PER LITER OF TOTAL SOLUTION
47
UNITS OF CONCENTRATION/ MOLAR CONCENTRATION
MOLES/L OR M
48
CONCENTRATION EQUATION:
C=MOLES SOLUTE/ LITERS SOLUTION
49
MOLARITY EQUATION
M=MOL/V(LITER)
50
DILUTION EQUATION
MiVi=Mf*Vf (M1V1=M2*V2
51
molarity units
mol/L
52
Volume unit
L
53
Acids (Arrhenius) definition-
molecules or ions that increases in hydrogen concentration of the solution
54
Acids (Bronsted) definition
molecule or ion that donates/ transfers a hydrogen to another species
55
strong acids:
HCl (hydrochloric acid) HBr (hydrobromic acid) HI (hydroiodic acid) HNO3 (nitric acid) HClO4 (perchloric acid) H2SO4 (sulfuric acid)
56
Weak acids:
HC2H3O2 (acetic acid) HCO2H (formic acid) HF (hydrofluoric acid) HCN (hydrocyanic acid)
57
Base (Arrhenius) definition
A molecule or ion that increase the OH- concentration of the solution
58
Base (Bronsted) definition
molecule or ion that accepts a hydrogen proton from another species
59
strong bases:
LiOH (lithium hydroxide) NaOH (sodium '') KOH (potassium '') Sr(OH)2 (Strontium '') Ba(OH)2 (Barium '')
60
neutralization equation:
CaVa=CbVb
61
what is neutralization based on?
moles acids=moles base
62
neutralization ratio of 1:2(acid:base)
2CaVa=CbVb
63
elements in oxidation numbers:
zero
64
monatomic ions in oxidation numbers:
change of ion
65
oxygen in oxidation number
-2 (and -1 with H)
66
hydrogen oxidation number
+1/-1
67
halogens oxidation number
-1
68
compund and ions oxidation numbers
sum of zero
69
oxidation reaction=
oxidation number increased
70
reduction=
oxidation number decreases
71
redox=
oxidation numbers increase and decrease
72
G.E.R
Gain electron reduction
73
oxidizing agent-
causes something else to be oxidized, it gets reduced in the process
74
reducing agent-
causes something else to be reduced, it gets oxidized in the process

chem 111 (1 decks)

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