Lesson 9 - 2025-02-10 - Identity Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is moral development?
Rules and Values about what people should do in their interactions with other people
3 domains of right and wrong:
Thoughts
Feelings
Behaviours
What are piagets stages of moral development?
Heteronomous Morality
Transition
Autonomous Morality
What is Heteronomous Morality
The first stage of Piagets moral development
Age: 4-7 yrs
Rules are UNCHANGEABLE
People have NO CONTROL over rules
What is the second stage of piagets moral development
Transition
Age: 7-10
What is autonomous morality?
The third stage of piagets moral development
Age: 10yrs +
Rules and laws are CREATED by people.
Should consider INTENTIONS as well as CONSEQUENCES”
What did Lawrence Kohlberg believe about Moral Development?
Based on moral reasoning
Unfolds in 3 stages with 2 substages each
Used moral dilemmas to test threories
(Heinz dilemma)
Children and adolescents construct their moral thoughts as they pass from one stage to the next
How does one move through Kohlbergs stages of moral development?
Cognitive Conflict
Opportunities for Role taking
Modelling
Peer Relations
What is the Heinz dilemma
Classic
“Person is dying but cant afford drug, should they steal the drugs?”
What is the first level of kohlbergs Moral Development
Level I - Pre conventional reading - Age 4-9
No internalization
- External control, judgement based on if others are punished
Stage 1 - Punishment orientation
- What will happen to me?
Stage 2 - Naive Hedonism
- Conforming to rules out of self interest, what can others do in return?
What is the second level of Kohlbergs moral development
Level II - Conventional reasoning - Age 9+
Intermediate Internalization
- Want to please others and be considered good
Stage 3 - Good person
- Maintaining mutual relations and pleasing others.
- Developing idea of good person
Stage 4 - Social Order orientation
- Systems, social concern, conscience
- Acting wrong harms others. Respect for higher authority.
What is the third level of Kohlbergs moral development
Stage III - Postconventional reasoning
Full Internalization
- There can be conflict between accepted standards.
- Reasoning about right and wrong
Stage 5 - Social Contract Orientation
- Value of social majority and welfare of society.
- Individual rights transcend the law
Stage 6 - Universal Ethics Principles
- People do what they think is right, regardless of rules.
- Decision might involve personal risk.
Some criticisms of Kohlbergs theories are
Moral behaviour is situationally dependent.
Needs more than one way to assess
Hypothetical dilemmas are not realistic.
To adolescents, interpersonal relationships are most important
What are Shweder’s ethical orientations?
Criticism of Kohlberg
- Moral beliefs differ across cultures
Ethic of
Community - Morality derived from Community values
Autonomy - People should be able to satisfy their needs as they wish.
Divinity - Morality derived from religion
What are Gilligans Gender and care perspective?
Criticism of Kohlberg
- Views people in terms of connectedness with others and emphasizes interpersonal communication.
What are Hoffmans ideas of moral development?
Parents play a crucial role in shaping moral identity
Love Withdrawal
- I’ll leave you!
Power assertion
- Threats and punishments
Induction
- Reasoning and explanations (preferred)
Moral Identity
Extent to which someone believes being moral and acting morally is an essential characteristic of self.
What happens if someone has high / low moral identity?
Stronger moral identity = more likely to act in accordance with moral beliefs
Weaker moral identity - More likely to be bullies.
Moral Exemplar is..
Someone who has outstanding moral strength and character
Needs to be relevant and attainable
Banduras theory of Moral Development
Distinction between adolescents’ moral competence vs. Moral performance
Combination of social and cognitive factors.
Emphasizes self regulation instead of reasoning
How can teachers help increase moral development?
Service learning - working at a food bank …
How does a teacher implement service learning?
Provide choice of activity
Provide an opportunity to reflect on participation
What are the benefits of service learning?
Grades improv
Improved sense of making a difference
Volunteering in the future more likely
What does PYD stand for, and what does it say?
Positive youth development
Emphasize Strengths, Positive Qualities, Trajectories of youth
There are 5 C’s of positive youth development
What are the 5 C’s of PYD
Competence
Compassion
Confidence
Connection
Character
Comp-Comp-Con-Con-Char
Contribution
