Lesson 9 (AMERICA) Flashcards
(36 cards)
When was the bill of rights in the US?
1791
What did the Bill of Rights include?
First 10 amendments to the US constitution
13th amendment?
ended slavery
14th amendment
gave citizenship to all people born or naturalised in the US
What does naturalised to the US mean?
Not born in the US
but you’ve become a citizen
through the legal process
What are originalists?
People who interpret the laws in the way they were originally intended e.g. when it might say men, we might today think of that as men AND women, but, an originalist would only think of it as men
What was the Plessey vs Ferguson case?
Case for the Supreme Court
said segregation by race was constitutional
Entrenched rights
Rights explicitly mentioned in the Constitution that are protected by the amendment process
This means they can’t be easily changed
Article 3 of the Constitution
Established the Supreme Court
Bill of Rights’ First Amendment?
Freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, petition the government for a redress of grievances
Bill of Rights’ Second Amendment?
Right to keep and bear arms
Bill of Rights’ third amendment?
Right not to have military troops quartered in private homes
Bill of Rights’ Fourth Amendment?
Right not to have unreasonable searches and seizures
Bill of Rights’ Fifth Amendment?
Right of people accused of a crime
Bill of Rights’ Sixth Amendment?
Right to a fair trial
Bill of Rights’ Seventh Amendment?
Right to a trial by jury in common law suits over a certain vslue
Bill of Rights’ Eighth Amendment?
Right to not face excessive bails or fines
nor cruel or unusual punishment
Enumerate
mention
Bill of Rights’ Ninth Amendment?
Rights that are not enumerated by the Constitution
are still held by the people
and are protected
Bill of Rights’ Tenth Amendment?
Rights of the states to retain powers
that are not delegated to the federal government
by the Constitution
Order of which laws are the most powerful? ( Congress and Supreme Court)
Most powerful:
Supreme Court judgments + Court amendments
Least powerful:
Legislation passed by Congress
Landmark ruling
a judgment by the Supreme Court
that changes the way in which the Court is interpreted
What do many landmark civil rights judgments focus on?
the 14th amendment
and the ‘equal protection’ clause
Shelley vs Kraemer
1948
Restrictions banning the sale of homes to black people were ruled unconstitutional
