LEUKOCYTE MORPHOLOGICAL ABNORMALITIES (GCA)

Question 1

Darkly staining metachromatic (purple-red) cytoplasmic granules in granulocytes (less often in monocytes and lymphocytes

Answer 1

ALDER-REILLY GRANULES (primary granules)

Question 2

Abnormal large primary granules

Answer 2

ALDER-REILLY GRANULES (primary granules)

Question 3

Granules contain degraded mucopolysaccharides due to an enzyme defect

Answer 3

ALDER-REILLY GRANULES (primary granules)

Question 4

May resemble toxic granules (seen in infections and toxic states)

Answer 4

ALDER-REILLY GRANULES (primary granules)

Question 5

Alder-Reilly anomaly Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs’)

Answer 5

ALDER-REILLY GRANULES (primary granules)

Question 6

-Gray-blue spindle shaped inclusions in the cytoplasm

Answer 6

MAY-HEGGLIN GRANULES

Question 7

-Large Dohle body-like inclusions in neutrophils,eosinophils, basophils, and monocytes

Answer 7

MAY-HEGGLIN GRANULES

Question 8

-The basophilic Dohle body-like leukocyte inclusions are composed of precipitated myosin heavy chains (mRNA)

Answer 8

MAY-HEGGLIN GRANULES

Question 9

-True Dohle bodies consist of lamellar rows of rough endoplasmic reticulum (rRNA)

Answer 9

MAY-HEGGLIN GRANULES

Question 10

Giant red, blue, to grayish round inclusions in the cytoplasm

Answer 10

CHEDIAK-HIGASHI GRANULES

Question 11

Giant lysosomal granules in granulocytes, monocytes,and lymphocytes

Answer 11

CHEDIAK-HIGASHI GRANULES

Question 12

Cells in the body are affected and exhibit abnormally large lysosomes, which contain fused dysfunctional granules

Answer 12

CHEDIAK-HIGASHI GRANULES

Question 13

are cytoplasmic inclusions that resemble the fused lysosomal granules

Answer 13

Pseudo-Chediak-Higashi granules

Question 14

All cancerous

Answer 14

Chediak-higashi granules

Question 15

Pink or red shaped cytoplasmic granules; found in myeloid and monocytic series only Fused primary granules (peroxidase stain positive)

Answer 15

AUER RODS

Question 16

bundle of auer rods (seen in acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL); M3; also associated with DIC)

Answer 16

Faggot Cells

Question 17

Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML, M1 and M2) Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL, M3) Acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMML, M4) [AML 1-7]

Answer 17

AEUR RODS

Question 18

-Appears as dark, blue-black granules in the cytoplasm of neutrophils, usually in segmented and band forms

Answer 18

TOXIC GRANULATION (primary/reactive granules)

Question 19

-Granulation may represent the precipitation of ribosomal protein (RNA) caused by metabolic toxicity within the cells

Answer 19

TOXIC GRANULATION (primary/reactive granules)

Question 20

Are peroxidase positive and reflect an increase in acid mucosubstance within primary, azurophilic granules that may enhance bactericidal activity

Answer 20

TOXIC GRANULATION (primary/reactive granules)

Question 21

Scale of toxic granulation?

Answer 21

1+ to 4+

Question 22

what is the severe scale in toxic granulation?

Answer 22

4+

Question 23

WHAT CAN TOXIC GRANULATION CAN MIMIC?

Answer 23

ALDER-REILLY ANOMALY

Question 24

Inflammations Infections Toxic states Burns Malignant disorders

Answer 24

Toxic Granulation

Question 25

Are light/pale blue round or elongated cytoplasmic inclusions between 1-5 um consisting of remnants of ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) arranged in parallel row; close to cellular membranes

Answer 25

DOHLE-AMATO BODIES/DOHLE BODIES

Question 26

-Are typically found in band and segmented neutrophils and can appear together with toxic granulations; can be seen in eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes

Answer 26

DOHLE-AMATO BODIES/DOHLE BODIES

Question 27

Localized failure of cytoplasmic maturation

Answer 27

DOHLE-AMATO BODIES/DOHLE BODIES

Question 28

which granulocytes cytoplasmic abnormalities has a PAS reaction positive

Answer 28

DOHLE-AMATO BODIES/DOHLE BODIES

Question 29

which granulocytes cytoplasmic abnormalities may be confused with May-Hegglin granules

Answer 29

DOHLE-AMATO BODIES/DOHLE BODIES

Question 30

-A delay in preparing the blood film after collection may affect Dohle body appearance in that they are more grey than blue or in some cases may not be visible

Answer 30

DOHLE-AMATO BODIES/DOHLE BODIES

Question 31

which granulocytes cytoplasmic abnormalities can be seen in pregnant patients?

Answer 31

DOHLE-AMATO BODIES/DOHLE BODIES

Question 32

Autophagocytic vacuoles Tend to be small

Answer 32

CYTOPLASMIC VACUOLATIONS (holes/vacuoles)

Question 33

Tend to be large (up to 6 um) and often accompanied by toxic granulation induced by either bacteria or fungi are suggestive of sepsis

Answer 33

phagocytic vacuoles

Question 34

water has been lost and the chromatin becomes dense and -dark

Answer 34

PYKNOTIC AND NECROTIC CELLS

Question 35

i in neutrophils generally indicate imminent cell death In a pyknotic nucleus

Answer 35

pyknotic nuclei

Question 36

-Increased numbers of pyknotic or necrotic cells suggest that an

Answer 36

extended amount of time has elapsed between blood collection and blood film preparation

Question 37

-Necrotic nuclei are found in

Answer 37

dead neutrophils/necrobiotic neutrophils; they are rounded nuclear fragments with no filaments and no chromatin pattern

Question 38

-Is a result of osmotic swelling of the cytoplasm or by increased adhesion to the glass slide in stimulated neutrophils

Answer 38

CYTOPLASMIC SWELLING

Question 39

-Regardless of the cause, the result is a variation in neutrophil size or neutrophil anisocytosis

Answer 39

CYTOPLASMIC SWELLING

Question 40

Are small, obligate, intracellular bacteria transmitted by ticks to humans and other vertebrate hosts

Answer 40

EHRLICHIA AND ANAPLASMA

Question 41

These organisms grow as a cluster (morulae) in neutrophils and monocytes

Answer 41

EHRLICHIA AND ANAPLASMA

Question 42

can be mistaken for Dohle bodies in neutrophils can be mistaken for Dohle bodies in neutrophils

Answer 42

Morulae(cluster)

Question 43

Anaplasma phagocytophilum and rarely in

Answer 43

Ehrlichia ewingii (neutrophils)

Question 44

is transmitted by the black-legged tick (Ixodes scapularis) and the western black-legged tick (I. pacificus)

Answer 44

Human granulocytic erlichiosis(HGE)

Question 45

is a fungus; this organism lives intracellularly in cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system, cells of the bone marrow, or cells from sputum or effusion specimens

Answer 45

HISTOPLASMA (gardening) | H. capsulatum

Question 46

The fungus appears as a tiny oval body with a clear halo surrounding a small nucleus

Answer 46

HISTOPLASMA (gardening)