Leukocytes--white blood cells

Question 1

what is the shape of the leukocytes?

Answer 1

spherical shape

Question 2

what are the functions of the leukocytes?

Answer 2

1. protection from foreign microorganism

2. remove dead cells and debris

Question 3

what are the movements of the leukocytes?

Answer 3

1. movement in blood

2. movement in ameboid in tissues

Question 4

why do we want leukocytes to leave out of your blood vessels?

Answer 4

to move through tissue

Question 5

what are the two classifications of the leukocytes?

Answer 5

1. granulocytes

2. agranulocytes

Question 6

what is meant by granulocytes?

Answer 6

they have granules

Question 7

what are the granulocytes of the leukocytes?

Answer 7

1. neutrophils (aka: PMN’s)
2. basophils
3. eosinophils

Question 8

what are the agranulocytes of the leukocytes?

Answer 8

1. lymphocytes

2. monocytes

Question 9

what are meant by agranulocyte?

Answer 9

has NO granules

Question 10

granules are collection of what?

Answer 10

collection of enzymes

Question 11

which granule is most common in the leukocytes?

Answer 11

neutrophils

Question 12

what is the % of neutrophils in leukocytes?

Answer 12

60-70%

Question 13

neutrophils have a lining in the inner surface of the nuclear envelope. what is the name of this lining?

Answer 13

heterochromatin

Question 14

the nucleus in neutrophils has how many lobes?

Answer 14

2-5 lobes (usually 3 lobes)

Question 15

neutrophils have few of what organelle?

Answer 15

few mitochondria

Question 16

what are the specific granules neutrophils have?

Answer 16

1. alkaline phosphates
2. collagenase
3. lactoferrin
4. 2/3’s of cells lysozyme

Question 17

these are known as what?

Answer 17

collection of enzymes

Question 18

what are the deep reddish purple granules in neutrophils?

Answer 18

azurophilic granules

Question 19

what are azurophilic granules?

Answer 19

primary lysosome

Question 20

why do neutrophils use these different kinds of enzymes?

Answer 20

to break down and kill foreign substances or to clean up debris

Question 21

neutrophils are known to be the first what?

Answer 21

first to arrive at injury or inflammation; first sign of defense

Question 22

what is the life of neutrophils?

Answer 22

short half-life, 1 to 4 days

Question 23

where are neutrophils formed?

Answer 23

medullary formation

Question 24

what are the 4 compartments in the neutrophils?

Answer 24

1. medullary storage
2. circulating “patrolling”
3. marginating (temporary excluded from the circulatory)
4. connective tissue

Question 25

summary of neutrophils

Answer 25

``` formed in the medullary ....stays in the bone ....circulates in the blood ....can get out of the blood and ....wonder around in the connective tissues ```

Question 26

what do you call the process in which PMN's enter circulation from connective tissue?

Answer 26

Diapedesis

Question 27

what is the function of the diapedesis?

Answer 27

phagocytosis (engulfing and then digesting of solid waste or foreign material by cell)

Question 28

presence of what, is in response to stimuli and NOT created by increase production?

Answer 28

presence of PMN's

Question 29

define stimuli

Answer 29

muscle activity, epinephrine release, bacterial infection

Question 30

what should you remember about Neutrophils?

Answer 30

they are the FIRST sign of defense, the first cell that shows up at the sight of infection or inflammation