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LSF151.x Introduction to Cloud Infrastructure Technologies > LFS151.x Chapter 2 Infrastructure as a Service > Flashcards

LFS151.x Chapter 2 Infrastructure as a Service Flashcards

1
Q

What is Infrastructure as a Service? What is used to make this happen?

A
  • is a** cloud service model** that provides on-demand physical and virtual** computing resources, storage, network, firewall, and load balancers.** To provide virtual computing resources, IaaS uses hypervisors, such as Xen, KVM, VMware ESXi, Hyper-V, or Nitro.
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2
Q

What role plays Infrastructure as a Service in Cloud Computing?

A

backbone of all other cloud services, providing computing resources. After the provisioning of the computing resources, other services are set up on top.

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3
Q

What does IaaS enable?

A

enables developers to provision and destroy isolated test environments as needed, when needed, quickly, and safely. The provisioning process can be** easily reproduced** to add consistency to the test environment, not only by the same developer, but by an entire team if desired

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4
Q

What is in AWS used to deploy Infrastructure?

A

Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2)

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5
Q

How do Amazon EC2s instances work and what are they?

A
  • Amazon EC2 instances are Virtual Machines
  • VMs on top of hypervisors that run directly on Amazon’s physical infrastructure
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6
Q

What ways are there to deploy Amazon EC2 instances?

A
  • Web Console
  • Command Line Interface
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7
Q

What runs at the center of Amazon EC2 services?

A
  • Various type-1 hypervisors
  • like KVM, Nitro, Xen
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8
Q

What are Amazon Machine Images (AMI) and what do they include?

A
  • preconfigured images with the informationen needed to launch EC2 instances
  • include Operating system and a collection of software packages
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9
Q

Where are AMIs stored?
How are they created?

A
  • stored in an AWS repository
  • Default images created and maintained by AWS, user community, or custom images we can create ourselves
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10
Q

What are EC2 instance types? And what do they determine?

A
  • determine the virtualized profile of the instance to be launched
  • each instance is preconfigured with different compute, memory, and storage capabilities
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11
Q

What kind of EC2 instances are categorized?

A
  • General Purpose Instance
  • Optimzed instances for:
  • Compute (CPU)
  • Accelerated Computing (GPU)
  • Memory (RAM)
  • Storage (SSD)
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12
Q

What can be additionally configured when working with EC2 instances? What are related Services or tools?

A
  • Virtual Private Cloud for network isolation
  • Security Groups
  • Amazon Elastic Block store for persistent storage attachement
  • dedicated hosts to provision instances on a physical machine reserved for our use
  • CloudWatch for monitoring resources and applications
  • AutoScaling to dynamically resize resources
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13
Q

What are benefits of using Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud service?

A
  • easy-to-use IaaS solution
  • flexible and scalable
  • provides secure and robust functionality for your compute resources
  • provides guest OS options such as several Linux distributions, macOS, Windows
  • enables automation
  • cost-effective: only pay for the time and resources used
  • designed to work in conjunction with other AWS components, while it integrates with third-party automation tools
  • promises 99.99% uptime
  • provides specialized instances for workloads, such as high-performance computing (HPC), machine learning (ML), data bases and data processing, batch workloads, media transcoding, graphically intensive, engineering applications
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14
Q

How is the Azure IaaS service called?

A
  • Azure Virtual Machine
  • allows provision and management of compute resources
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15
Q

How can with Azure Virtual Machine provisioning take place?

A
  • by web Portal
  • ## by Azure Cloud Shell (Command line utility, configurable to use either Bash or PowerShell)
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16
Q

How are Azure cloud services enabled?

A
  • by Azure Hypervisor, customized version of Microsoft Hyper-V type-1 hypervisor
  • promises high efficiency, performance and scalability over a small footprint
  • thanks to optimization of custom Hyper-V hypervisor coupled with its tight integration with the physical infrastructure
17
Q

What is in Azure Virtual Machine determined by the VM size?

A
  • type and capacity of the compute, memory, storage and network resources for the VM to be launched
18
Q

In Azure VM how are VMs grouped?

A

Grouped in families based on their intended usage:
- general purpose
- optimized VMs for Compute, GPU, Memory, High Performance Compute, Storage

19
Q

In Azure VM what can be additionally configured?

A
  • Network security groups
  • SSD or HDD for persistent storage, optional encryption
  • Dedicated hosts to provision VMs on a physical machine reserved for our use
  • Accelerated networking for low latency and high throughput
  • monitoring resources and applications
  • Resource manager templates for VM deployment
  • Seamless hybrid connections
  • automated backups
20
Q

What are Benefits of Using Azure Virtual Machine?

A
  • It is an easy-to-use IaaS solution.
  • It is flexible and scalable.
  • It provides a secure and robust functionality for your compute resources.
  • It provides guest OS options such as several Linux distributions and Windows.
  • It enables automation.
  • It is cost-effective: only pay for the time and resources used.
  • It is designed to work in conjunction with other Azure services.
21
Q

Name IaaS companies/providers?

A
  • Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)
  • Azure Virutal Machine
  • DigitalOcean Droplet
  • Google Compute Engine
  • IBM Cloud Virtual Servers
  • Oracle CLoud Compute Virtual Machines
  • OpenStack
  • Vultr Cloud Compute Virtual Machines
22
Q

What are Droplets in DigitalOcean and characterizes them?

A
  • Droplets are Virtual Compute instances
  • Linux-based VMs launched on top of KVM type-1 hypervisor with SSD as primary storage disk
23
Q

How can Droplets be configured in regards to applications?

A
  • While custom images can be built and used
  • Droplets can be preconfigured to run applications such as Docker, LAMP, MongoDB, MySQL and Node.js
24
Q

What is part of Google IaaS model?

A

Google Compute Engine (GCE)

25
Q

What characterizes the Google Compute Engine Service?

A
  • allows individual users as well as enterprises to build reliable, flexible and secure cloud infrastructure for their applications
  • Virtual Machines on top of Hypervisors, directly on Googles infrastructure
  • Linux or Windows guest OS
  • Default images are available, users can create custom images as well
26
Q

In Google Cloud Platform how is Infrastructure provisioned?

A
  • via Console, which is a web interface for cloud resource management
  • Command Line Interface
27
Q

How are in Google Compute Engine different types of instances categorized?

A

Named “Machine Types”
- to support specific types of applications and workloads
- General purpose
- memory-optimized
- compute-optimized
- Accelerator-optimized
- shared-core

28
Q

How is IBM Cloud different than other cloud providers?

A
  • users of IBM Cloud are allowed to choose between XenServer, VMware and Hyper-V hypervisors when managing bare-metal instances
  • high hypervisor flexibility
29
Q

What types of virtual servers are available when provisioning IBM CLoud Virutal Servers?

A
  • Public for multi-tenants
  • Dedicated for single-tenants
  • Transient for ephemeral multi-tenant
  • Reserved for multi-tenants committed for a pre-specified term
30
Q

IBM Cloud Virtual Servers offers what kind of optimized profiles for specific workload types?

A
  • Balanced for common cloud workloads
  • Balanced storage (medium to large databases)
  • Compute
  • Memory
  • Variable compute for workloads without constant high CPU-performance
  • GPU for high-performance deployments
31
Q

IBM Cloud Virtual servers includes what kind of Operating Systems?

A
  • Linux
  • Windows

With additional software package addons

32
Q

What are the Benefits of IBM Cloud Virtual Servers?

A
  • easy to use IaaS solution
  • flexible and scalable
  • provides guest OS options such as several Linux distributions and Windows
  • provides a secure and robust functionality for your compute resource
  • enables automation
  • pay-as-you-go
  • designed to work in conjuncture with IBM Cloud components and services
33
Q

What type of hypervisors builds the core of Oracle Cloud?

A

type-1 bare metal hypervisors

34
Q

What is OpenStack what does it allow?

A
  • Open-source software platform
  • Allows users to build cloud computing platform for both public and private clouds
  • evolved over time to provide other services, such as Database, Storage, Networking
  • modular nature
35
Q

What are a few of the manjor components of OpenStack?

A
  • Nova: Compute service
  • Ironic: Bare Metal provisioning
  • Swift: Object store, part of Storage service
  • Cinder: Block storate part of storage services
  • Neutron: Networking service
36
Q
A

LSF151.x Introduction to Cloud Infrastructure Technologies (22 decks)

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