Liberalism Flashcards
(17 cards)
What is foundational equality?
The rights all humans have by being born which cannot be taken away from then (natural rights)
What is formal equality?
The idea that individuals have the same legal and political rights in society
What is equality of opportunity?
That individuals should have equal chances in life to rise and fall
What is the social contract?
Where citizens give up their freedom in return for security from the state
What is meritocracy?
A society that is organised on the basis that success is based on ability and hard work (Adam smith)
What is the mechanistic theory?
The idea that the state was created by man to serve the people and in their interests.
What is tolerance?
Willingness to respect values, customs and beliefs with those who may disagree
What is a limited government?
Where the role of the government is limited by checks and balances and a separation of powers because of the corrupting nature of power
What is egoistical individualism?
The belief that individual freedom involves satisfying one’s own desires and needs
What is developmental individualism?
The idea that individual freedom is linked to human flourishing
What is negative freedom?
Freedom from interference by other people
What is positive freedom?
Freedom to do something
What is laissez faire capitalism?
an economic system organised by the market where goods are produced for exchange and profit and wealth is privately owned (privatisation)
What is Keynesianism?
an economic system that requires government involvement to stimulate the economy to achieve full employment and price stability
What is the harm principle?
That individuals should be free to do anything except harm others
What is a minimal state?
idea that the role of the state must be restricted in order to preserve individual liberty
What is an enabling state?
larger state that helps individuals to achieve their potential be free
