Lichen

Question 1

The algal component of the lichen is called

Answer 1

Phycobiont

Question 2

The fungal component of the lichen is called

Answer 2

phycobiont

Question 3

Lichen

Answer 3

Dual organisms formed by the symbiotic associations between algae and fungi.

Question 4

Some common names of Lichen

Answer 4

Cladonia rangiferina (reindeer lichen)
Usnea barbata (beard lichen)
Parmelia sulcata (common rock shield lichen)

Question 5

The Phycobiont may contain what types of algae

Answer 5

Green algae (chrorphycophilous)
Blue green algae (cyanophycophillous)

Question 6

Types of lichen are (on the basis of attachment to substratum)

Answer 6

Crutose lichen
Foliose lichen
Fruitocose lichen
Leprose lichen

Question 7

Types of lichen are (on the basis of substrate of growing)

Answer 7

Corticolous
Follicolous
Saxicolous
Terricolous
Musicolous

Question 8

Corticolous grown on

Answer 8

tree bark

Question 9

follicolous grow on

Answer 9

leaves surfaces

Question 10

saxicolous grow on

Answer 10

rock surfaces

Question 11

terricolous grow on

Answer 11

soil

Question 12

musicolous grown on

Answer 12

mosses

Question 13

What kind of relationship is in lichen of algae and fungi

Answer 13

Symbiotic association/mutualism or (Master - slave relation)

Question 14

Which is master and which is slave

Answer 14

Fungi is master and algae is slave

Question 15

What does Fungi provide in lichen?

Answer 15

Protection, Anchor, Water

Question 16

What does Algae provide in Lichen?

Answer 16

Food

Question 17

Lichen is important in the study of atmospheric pollution as

Answer 17

It is extremely reactant or sensitive to pollutant in the air especially SO2 pollution

Question 18

Crutose lichen definition

Answer 18

Type of lichen whose whole body is attached to substratum, cant be removed. To obtain it, the substratum itself should be removed

Question 19

Foliose lichen definition

Answer 19

Type of lichen whose certain body part get attached to substratum while some part dont get attached. They are leaf-like and can partially/partly be removed

Question 20

Fruticose lichen definition

Answer 20

Type of lichen whose all part can be removed. It is shrubby.

Question 21

Leprose lichen definition

Answer 21

Type of CRUTOSE lichen but which is in dust structure.

Question 22

Lichen get attached to substratum via what?

Answer 22

Via root-life structure

Question 23

Define Succession

Answer 23

process of replacing one community by another community

Question 24

Define population

Answer 24

Number of same species living in a particular place in a particular time period

Question 25

Define Community

Answer 25

Group of specific organism in a specific place in a specific time period

Question 26

Define vegetative parts

Answer 26

The parts which are developed from germination or birth of plants or animals including leaves, stems, and roots (for plants)

Question 27

Which is incorrect: a) lichen are indicators of pollution b) they grow rapidly about 2 cm per day c) they are eaten by reindeer d) symbiotic reln betn algae and fungi

Answer 27

correct: b) they grow rapidly about 2 cm per day INCORRECT: Lichen are the slowest growing plant.

Question 28

Which which algae-fungi has the most combinations found in nature

Answer 28

Green algae (algae) with Ascomycetes (fungi)

Question 29

Much branched system but small thallus

Answer 29

Fru

Question 30

They form a crust over a surface like a boulder, soil, car or roof shangles

Answer 30

Crustose lichen

Question 31

Which lichen are the most primitive and pioneer lichen

Answer 31

Crustose lichen

Question 32

Lignicolous grow on

Answer 32

wood

Question 33

Types of reproduction in lichen

Answer 33

Vegetative reproduction Asexual (Soredia, Isidia, Condia) -> reproductive structure Sexual (Carpogonium -> Female reproduction organ Spermogonium -> Male reproductive organ)

Question 34

Habit of lichen

Answer 34

Mutual reln between algae and fungi in which algae belong to blue green algae or green algae and fungi belong to ascomycetes or basidiomycetes

Question 35

Positive aspects / Importance of lichen

Answer 35

- They are detectors of air pollution of sulfur dioxide - They can be used to make Ph indicators - They are eaten by reindeers - Some are used to cure dieseases like hydrophobia, lung diseases, etc. - To manufactor perfumes and cosmetics

Question 36

Negative aspects / Unimportance of lichen

Answer 36

- Some lichen can be harmful when eaten or contacted with skin - They are biologically invasive - They take a long time to grow - Dry thall of Usnea in forest forms thick dry mat of tree branched which easily catches fire - Usnea causes allergies and rashes in human body

Question 37

Examples of lichen

Answer 37

Parmelia, Usnea, Graphis, etc

Question 38

What is xerosere

Answer 38

The gradual ecological succession in dry, arid environments where plants communities gradually establish and evolve