Lidocaine & Nitro

Question 1

Lidocaine Trade name:

Answer 1

Xylocaine®

Question 2

Lidocaine Class:

Answer 2

Antidysrhythmic

Question 3

Lidocaine Standard Supply:

Answer 3

-Prefilled syringe
-Premixed bag

Question 4

Lidocaine MOA:

Answer 4

-Suppresses ventricular ectopic activity
-Increases the threshold of ventricular fibrillation

Question 5

Lidocaine Indications:

Answer 5

-Ventricular fibrillation
-Ventricular tachycardia
-Ventricular dysrhythmias
o Frequent premature
ventricular complexes
and couplets
o Monomorphic and
polymorphic wide-
complex tachycardia

Question 6

Lidocaine Contraindications:

Answer 6

-Hypersensitivity
-Premature ventricular complexes in conjunction w/ Bradycardia
-2nd degree & 3rd degree heart block

Question 7

Lidocaine S/E:

Answer 7

-Drowsiness
-Confusion
-Anxiety
-Dizziness

Question 8

Lidocaine Routes:

Answer 8

-IV
-IO
-ET
-Infusion

Question 9

Lidocaine Onset:

Answer 9

1-5 minutes

Question 10

Lidocaine Adult dosages:

Answer 10

-VF & Pulseless VT: 1.0-1.5 mg/kg; May repeat 0.5-0.75 mg/kg every 3-5 min during resuscitation; MAX DOSE: 3.0 mg/kg
-Ventricular dysrhythmias w/ a pulse: 1.0-1.5 mg/kg; may repeat the dosage 0.5-0.75 mg/kg in 5-10 min; MAX DOSE: 3.0 mg/kg
-Maintenance infusion: 2.0-4.0 mg/min
-ET: 2.0-2.5xs the bolus dosage diluted in 10 mL normal saline

Question 11

Lidocaine PEDS dosages:

Answer 11

-VF and pulseless VT: 1.0 mg/kg; may repeat 1.0 mg/kg one time in 3-5 min during resuscitation
-Ventricular dysrhythmias w/ a pulse: 1.0 mg/kg; may repeat in 5-10 min; MAX DOSE: 3.0 mg/kg
-Maintenance infusion: 20-50 mcg/kg/min
-ET: 2-2.5xs the bolus dosage diluted in 3-5 mL normal saline

Question 12

Nitroglycerin Trade Names:

Answer 12

• Nitro-Bid®
• Nitrolingual®
• Nitrostat®

Question 13

Nitroglycerin Classes:

Answer 13

-Vasodilator
-Antianginal
-Nitrate

Question 14

Nitroglycerin Standard Supply:

Answer 14

-Tablet
-Multi dose spray bottle

Question 15

Nitroglycerin MOA:

Answer 15

-Relaxes vascular smooth muscle
-Dilates coronary arteries resulting in increased blood flow to the myocardium
-Decreases workload on the heart
-Decreases myocardial oxygen demand
-Decreases preload
-Decreases afterload

Question 16

Nitroglycerin Indications:

Answer 16

-Chest pain and signs/symptoms suggestive of the acute coronary syndrome
-CHF with pulmonary edema

Question 17

Nitroglycerin Contraindications:

Answer 17

-Hemodynamically significant hypotension
-Hypovolemia
-The patient has taken an ED medication in the previous 24 hrs
o sildenafil (Viagra®)
o tadalafil (Cialis®)
o vardenafil (Levitra®)
o Or other
phosphodiesterase-5
inhibitor medication in the
previous 24 hours
-Not recommended for PEDS

Question 18

Nitroglycerin S/E:

Answer 18

-Hypotension
-Bradycardia
-Tachycardia
-Headache
-Dizziness
-Weakness
-Syncope
-Nausea, vomiting

Question 19

Nitroglycerin Route:

Answer 19

Sublingual

Question 20

Nitroglycerin Onset:

Answer 20

1-3 min

Question 21

Nitroglycerin Adult dosages:

Answer 21

-Tablet: 0.4 mg
-Single Spray: 0.4 mg
*May repeat in 3-5 min twice after initial dosage