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Life in the UK > Life in the UK > Flashcards

Life in the UK Flashcards

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1
Q

Fundamental Values of British Life

A

Democracy, the rule of law, individual liberty, Tolerance of those with different faiths and beliefs, participation in community life

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2
Q

UK offers

A

Freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom from unfair discrimination, a right to a fair trail, a right to join in the election of government

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3
Q

Crown dependencies

A

Isle of Man, Jersey and Guernsey- not a part of the UK

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4
Q

British overseas Territories

A

Falklands Islands, St Helena, Montserrat, anguilla, bermuda, virgin islands, sandwich islands

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5
Q

Stone Age

A

Huunter gatherers, 10,000 years ago, first farmers- 6,000 years ago- from southeast europe- stonehenge, skara brea on orkney- best preserved pre-historic village

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6
Q

Bronze and Iron Age

A

People used bronze and iron to make tools and weapons

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7
Q

Romans

A

invadeed successfully in 43AD emperor Claudius. remained 400 years- built roads and public buildings, created structure of law, and introduced plants and animals

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8
Q

Queen Boudicca

A

tribal leaders who fought against- Boudicca queen of the iceni- statue on westminster

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9
Q

Hadrians Wall

A

built to keep out picts in scotland- forts housesteads and vindolanda still seen today

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10
Q

Anglo-Saxons

A

Anglo, Saxon and Jute tribes invaded after Romans, by about 600 AD anglo-saxon kingdoms established. languages modern day base of english, during this period christian missionaries came and spread christianity.

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11
Q

St Augustine

A

1st Archbishop of Canterbury

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12
Q

Vikings

A

first visited in AD 789, anglo-saxons united under king alfred the great and defeated the vikings, also in Scotland reason for uniting undery king MacAplin- scotland began being used to describe the area

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13
Q

Danish King

A

Cnut also called Canute

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14
Q

The Norman Conquest

A

1066- William duke of Normandy led an invasion defeated Harold Saxon king of England. Harold killed in battle- william the conquerer, last successful foreign invasion of England, domesday book- picture of life after norman conquest

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15
Q

Middle Ages

A

Time of almost contast war- Wales annexed to English crown, scots remained independent, ireland gradually came under influence of England, Foreign wars- crusades, the hundred years war with france (battle of agincourt)

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16
Q

Black Death

A

1348- a disease, probably a form of plague came to Britain- wiped out 1/3 pop in Eng and similiar scotland and wales- leading to development of stong middle class

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17
Q

Magna Carta

A

Middles ages was time of legal and political changes- Magna Carta established the idea the even the king is subject to law, protected rights of nobility and restricted kings power to collect taxes or make changes to laws

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18
Q

English perferred language of Royal Court and parliment

A

By 1400

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19
Q

Geoffrey Chaucer

A

Wrote series of Poems- canterbury tales in english, one of the first books to be printed using a printing press by william caxton

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20
Q

War of the Roses

A

1455- civil war between House of Lancaster (red Rose) and House of York (White Rose). Ended with battle of Bosworth Field in 1485- King Richard III killed in battle and Henry Tudor became King Henry VII.

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21
Q

Henry VIII

A

Broke away from Church of Rome and 6 wives- extablished Church of England because he wanted to divorce his wife, the king not the pope has the power to appoint bishops and order how people worship

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22
Q

Henry VIIIs wifes

A

Catherine of Aragon, Anne Boleyn, Jane Seymour, Anne of Cleves, Catherine Howard, Catherine Parr

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23
Q

Queen Elizabeth

A

She avoided any serious religious conflicts, became one of the most popular monarchs- defeated the spanish armada 1588

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24
Q

Mary Queen of Scots

A

Catholic queen of Scotland, cousing of Elizabeth- fled to england, kept prisoner for 20 years, eventually executed. Bloody Mary- persecution of protestants

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25
William Shakespeare
Elizabethian Era- Plays and Poems
26
English Civil War
1642- between the king (cavaliers) and parliment supporters (Roundheads)
27
Oliver Cromwell
Parliment won civil war- declared commonwealth- Oliver Cromwell given title of Lord Protector
28
Habeas Corpus
1679- no one could be held prisoner unlawfully, right to a trial
29
The Glorious Revolution
Wiliam of Orange married Mary- took over throne from James II- no fighting took place
30
The bill of rights
Balance of power between monarch and parliment- constitutional monarch.
31
huguenots
refugees from France fleeing religious persecution
32
The Act of the union
agreed in 1707- creating the kingdom of great britain
33
Robert Walpole
the first prime minister
34
Robert Burns
The Bard- Scotish Poet, Auld Lang Syne
35
The Enlightenment
New ideas about politics, Philosophy, and Science were developed
36
Industrial revolution
18th & 19th Century- rapid development of industry- develoment of machinary and steam power, development of ship building industries and the railways
37
Richard Arkwright
developed machinary to make textile industry more efficient
38
Sake Dean Mahomet
opened first curry house in england, and shampooing
39
slave trade
illegal in 1807- william wilberforce, after this indian and chinese workers replaced slaves
40
War with France
Nelson and wellington fought against french. Nelson- trafalgar, Wellington- battle of waterloo- french defeat
41
act of union 1800
ireland became unified with england, scotland and wales- created union flag- crosses of england scotland and ireland
42
Welsh Flag
Dragon- not on union because Wales was principality already united with engladn
43
George and Robert Stephenson
pioneered railway engine- major expansion of railways
44
Isambard Kingdom Brunel
Engineer who built tunnels, bridges, railways and ships- great western railway
45
Crimean War
from 1853 to 1856- britain fought with turkey and france against Russia- first war to be covered by media. victoria cross was introduced
46
Florence Nightengale
Nurse- imporved conditions during crimean war
47
Emmeline Pankhurst
fought to get the vote for women- 1918 women over 30 given right to vote 1928- 21
48
Rudyard Kipling
wrote books poems set in india and the uk, nobel prize for literature, the jungle book, so stories
49
Alexander Fleming
discovered penecilin
50
Clement Attlee
Labour Prime Minister after churchill- welfare state, NHS
51
William Beveridge
Economist- wrote report that provided basis for welfare state- beveridge report
52
R A Butler
Education Act 1944- free secondary school in england and wales
53
Dylan Thomas
Welsh Poet- under milk wood, do not go gentle into that good night
54
Swinging Sixties
social change- divorce and abortion laws, womens position in the workplace improved- equal pay illegal to discriminate on gender
55
TV
20th Century invention- john logie bard
56
Radar
Robert Watson-Watt
57
turing machine
Alan turing- mathematical device
58
Insulin
John Macloed
59
Jet Engine
Frank Whittle
60
Hovercraft
Christopher Cockerell
61
Concorde
Britain and france
62
ATm
James Goodfellow
63
IVF
first test tube baby- sir robert edwards, patrick steptoe
64
Cloning
Ian Wilmut and Keith Campbell
65
MRI
Peter Mansfield
66
World Wide Web
Tim Berners-Lee
67
Mary Peters
Olympic gold medalist
68
Margaret Thatcher
first female prime minister, longest serving prim minsiter in the 20th century
69
Roald Dahl
Author- charlie and the chocolate factory, george's marvelous medicine
70
brexit
left
71
Eid al-Fitr
end of ramadan- muslims fast for a month
72
Eid ul Adha
remember the prophet ibrahim was willing to scarafice his son- animal sacrifices
73
roger Bannister
first man to run mile under four minutes
74
Jackie stewart
Scotish racecar driver
75
Bobby Moore
English football captain- 1966
76
Baron Ian Botham
English cricket player
77
Jayne Trovill and christopher Dean
Won gold medals for dancing- 1984
78
Steve Redgrave
Rowing gold medals
79
Baroness Tanni Grey Thompson
Paraolympic athlete
80
Dame Kelly Holmes
Two gold medals running
81
Dame Ellen Macartuher
Yachtswoman- fastes person to sail around the world
82
Chris Hoy
Scotish Cyclist
83
Davie Weir
Paralympian
84
Bradley Wiggins
Cyclist
85
Mo Farah
British Distance Runner
86
Dame Jessica Ennis-Hill
Track and Field olympian
87
Andy Murray
tennis
88
Ellie Simmonds
Paralympian
89
Henry Purcell
Organist at westminster- church music
90
Gustov Holst
Composer- the planets
91
Edward Elger
pomp and circumstance marchs
92
Vaughan Williams
wrote music for ochestras and choirs
93
William Walton
wrote music- coronations and Facade
94
Benjamin Britten
operas- peter grimes and billy budd
95
The mercury prize
best album in uk and ireland
96
gilbert and sullivan
comic opers- hms pinafore, pirates of penzance, mikado
97
laurence olivier awards
variety of categories- best director, best actor, best actress, named after famous actor
98
The turner prize
1984- contemporary art- damien hirst and richard wright
99
thomas gainsborough
portrait painter
100
David Allen
Scotish painter
101
Joseph turner
Landscape Painter
102
John Constable
Landdscape painter
103
The pre-Raphaelites
group of artists of the 19th century
104
John Lavery
Irish portrait painter
105
Henry Moore
English sculptor and artist
106
John Petts
Welsh Artist
107
Lucien Freud
German born british artist
108
David Hockney
Pop artist
109
17th Century architecture
Queens house greenich- inigo Jones, st pauls cathedral- sir christopher wren
110
18th Century architecture
dumfries house- scotland, robert adam, harewood house john carr rober adam
111
19th century architecture
house of parliment charles barry, st pancreas railstation george gilbert scott
112
20th century architecture
teh cenotaph- edwin lutyens, Gherkin building norman foster, richard rogers, same zaha hadid
113
Landscaping and garden design
capability brown and gertrude jekyl edwin lutyens
114
design
Thomas Chippendale- furtniture, Clarice Cliff- art dec ceramics, terence conran- interior design.
115
Fasion designers
mary quant, alexander mcqueen, vivienne westwood
116
booker prize
best novel written in english- winners: ian mcewan, hilary mantel, and julian barnes
117
17th century poet
john milton- paradise lost
118
18th and 19th century poets
william wordsworth and sir walter scott
119
19th century
william blake, john keats, lord byron, percy shelly, alfred lord tennyson, and robert and elizabeth browning
120
WWI poets
wiilfred owen and siegred sassoon
121
20th century poets
Sir walter de la mare, john masefield, sir john betjeman and ted hughes
122
UK novelist
jane austen, charles dickens, robert stevenson, thomas hardy, arthur conan doyle, evelyn waugh, kinglsey amis, graham greene, JK Rowling
123
Famous gardens
kew gardens, sissinghurst and hidcote in england, crathes castle and iveraray castle in scotland, mount stewart- northern ireland
124
country flowers
england-rose, scotland- thistle, wales daffodil, ireland- shamrock
125
traditional english food
roast beedf, potatoes and vegies, yorkshire pudding, fish and chips
126
Scotland food
haggis- sheeps stomach
127
Wales food
welsh cakes- flour dried fruits and spices
128
ireland food
ulster fry- bacon, eggs, sausage, black pudding, white pudding, tomatoes, mushrooms, soda bread and potatoe bread
129
Places of interest
The eden project, snowdonia, london eye, edinburgh castle, tower of london, giants causeway, loch lomand and trossachs, the lake district
130
national parks
15- protected coutnryside everyone can visit
131
voting age
since 1969- 18
132
The monarch
gives advice does not make political decisions
133
parliment
made up of house of commons- fully elected and house of lords- those selected by political parties and hereditary rights
134
house of commons
MP- members of parliment- party with most mps forms government, main role to scrutinize and pass laws
135
house of lords
checks and amends legislation but has less power than the house of commons
136
MPs elections
elected at a general election which is held at least every 5 years
137
By-election
when an MP dies or resigns
138
the Cabinet
about 20 MPs selected by the prime minister in charge of departments
139
commonwealth
association of countries that support each other and work towards shared democray, king is ceremonial head, 56 member states
140
criminal law
crimes which are investigated by police and ar punishable by courts- drug, carrying weapons, racial crime, selling tobaco, smoking in public places, buying alcohol, and drinking in public
141
civil law
used to settle disputes between individuals- housing law, consumer rights, employment law, debt
142
PCSOs
police community support officers
143
crown court
serious offenses in england wales and N ireland tried in front of judge and jury, scotland sheriff court
144
jury
members of public from electoral register, picked at random- 12 in E, W NI, 15 scotland
145
youth court
ages 10-17, parent expected to attend, names cannot be made public
146
small claims court
used to save time and money- less than 10,000 in e & w, 5,000 in S and 3,000 in NI
147
national insurance number
age 16
148
driving age
17
149
gambling age
18a
150
Moped age
16
151
emancipation act
1833 abolished slavery
152
life peers
appointed by the monarch
153
where do most people live
towns and cities
154
Magistrates
members of the local community- work unpaid, no legal qualifications
155
coalition gov 2010
conservatives and lib dems- david cameron was prime minister
156
magistrates court
minor criminal cases-e w NI
157
justice of the peace court
minor criminal cases scotland
158
hereditary peers
1991 hereditary peers have lost the automatic right to attend the house of lords

Life in the UK (1 decks)

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