Life On Earth 1

Question 1

What is the definition of biodiversity?

Answer 1

Biodiversity is the total variation that exists among all living things on Earth.

Question 2

What is a biotic factor? Examples

Answer 2

A biotic factor is a factor created by a living thing which affects life of another organism. ( Predation, competition, disease, over population, micro-organism levels, grazing)

Question 3

What is a abiotic factor? Examples.

Answer 3

A abiotic factor is a non-living chemical or physical factor in the environment.(air temperature, soil pH, light intensity, oxygen concentration, water availability, rock type, nutrients)

Question 4

Name examples of human factors?

Answer 4

Habitat destruction, over fishing, population levels, conservation, land use.

Question 5

What is a biome?

Answer 5

Biomes are the various regions of our planet as distinguished by their similar climate, flora, fauna.

Question 6

What does Flora mean?

Answer 6

Flora means planet life.

Question 7

What does fauna mean?

Answer 7

Fauna means animal life.

Question 8

What is an ecosystem?

Answer 8

The community of living things and all the habitats.

Question 9

What is a community?

Answer 9

All the different species of organisms.

Question 10

What is a population?

Answer 10

The number of organisms belonging to the same species.

Question 11

What is a habitat?

Answer 11

The place where an organism lives.

Question 12

What is a niche?

Answer 12

The role of an organism within the ecosystem.

Question 13

Name 3 biomes?

Answer 13

Tropical rainforest, tundra, taiga

Question 14

Name two climate factors that influence the distribution of biomes?

Answer 14

Temperature, rainfall

Question 15

Complete the diagram

Ecosystem= habitat + ____________

Answer 15

Community

Question 16

What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 16

Water + carbon dioxide –sunlight–> glucose + oxygen

Question 17

What do all food chains begin with?

Answer 17

A producer

Question 18

Why are plants called producers?

Answer 18

Plants are called producers because they can make their own food by photosynthesis.

Question 19

what are organisms called that can’t photosynthesis?

Answer 19

Consumers

Question 20

What are animals that only eat plants called?

Answer 20

Herbivores

Question 21

What are animals called that eat other animals?

Answer 21

Carnivores

Question 22

Animals that eat both plant and animals are called what?

Answer 22

Omnivores

Question 23

What does the arrow represent in a food chain?

Answer 23

The arrow in a food chain represents the transfer of energy.

Question 24

What are 3 ways by which the energy can be lost?

Answer 24

Movement, heat, undigested materials

Question 25

What is a pyramid of numbers?

Answer 25

A pyramid of numbers is a diagram showing the number of organisms at each level in a food chain.

Question 26

What is a pyramid of biomass?

Answer 26

A pyramid of biomass is a diagram showing the total mass of organisms at each level in a food chain.

Question 27

What is a pyramid of energy?

Answer 27

A pyramid of energy is the the energy content of the organisms at each level in the food chain.

Question 28

What is ammonium?

Answer 28

Toxic substance formed by decomposers during decomposition

Question 29

What is denitrification?

Answer 29

The conversion of nitrate by denitrifying bacteria into les useful nutrients such as nitrogen gas and ammonia

Question 30

What is denitrifying bacteria?

Answer 30

Bacteria that carry out denitrification

Question 31

What is inter-specific competition?

Answer 31

Competition between two DIFFERENT species of organism

Question 32

What is intra-specific competition

Answer 32

Competition between organisms of the SAME species

Question 33

What is a nitrate?

Answer 33

A nutrient that contains nitrogen. Plants require nitrate to make proteins and nucleic acids

Question 34

What is nitrification?

Answer 34

The conversion of useless forms of nitrogen such as ammonia or nitrate into nitrite. Nitrification is good for soil.

Question 35

What is nitrifying bacteria?

Answer 35

Bacteria that carry out nitrification.

Question 36

What is nitrogen

Answer 36

An element that is needed by all living things because it forms part of protein molecules

Question 37

What is nitrogen fixation?

Answer 37

The process by which nitrogen in its gaseous form is converted into ammonia.

Question 38

What is photosynthesis?

Answer 38

The process by which plants make their own food using sunlight

Question 39

What is a species?

Answer 39

A group of animals or plants that can breed together to produce sexually viable offspring