life on earth Flashcards
biology (43 cards)
the place where an organism lives is its
habitat
all of the organisms of one species of one species in a habitat is a
population
all the living organisms in a habitat are known as
community
what do we call a group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring?
a species
the variety of living things in a ecosystem is known as
biodiversity
what makes an ecosystem?
all the living things and their environment
what is a predator?
a animal that hunts another animal for its food
what do we call animals that are hunted by a predator?
prey
what is the other name for a green plant (because it can make its own food)
producer
what do we call animals that obtain food by feeding on other organisms?
consumer
what is the term for ‘the role an organism plays in its community’?
niche
what do the arrows in a food chain represent?
the direction of energy flow from one organism to another
why do food chains always start with green plants?
because they are producers
name 3 ways that energy can be lost from a food chain
it is used for movement
it is used for heat
faeces
what diagram shows a number of food chains linked in an ecosystem?
a food web
what does a pyramid of numbers show?
it shows the number of organisms at each stage
what does a pyramid of energy show?
represents the energy available at each stage of a food chain
what occurs in ecosystems when resources are in short supply?
competition
name the type of competition that occurs amongst individuals of different species
interspecific competition
name the type of competition that occurs amongst individuals of the same species
intraspecific competition
name three abiotic factors
PH
moisture
temperature
light intensity
name three biotic factors
disease
food availability
predators
competition for resources
grazing
how can you minimise error while using a moisture meter?
wipe the probe in between each sample
name the equipment used to sample plants
quadrant