Life processes Flashcards
(26 cards)
What are life processes ?
The basic and essential activities performed by a living organism to sustain and maintain life
What is Nutrition ?
The process of obtaining food and its utilization is know as nutrition.
How many types of nutrition are there ? name them.
There are 2 types of Nutrition —> Autotrophic nutrition and Heterotrophic Nutrition
What is autotrophic nutrition ?
In this type of nutrition organisms can make their own food.
Types of Autotrophic nutrition .
There are 2 types of autotrophic nutrition ->
- Chemoautotrophic - synthesize food using chemicals
- Photoautotrophic - synthesize food using sunlight.
Types heterotrophic nutrition .
There are 4 types of heterotrophic nutrition.
- Holozoic
- Parasitic
- Symbiotic
- Saprophytic
Photosynthesis reaction.
6 CO2 + 12 H2O —–> C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O
What occurs during photosynthess ?
1: Absorption of light energy
2: Conversion of light energy to chemical energy
3: Splitting of water molecule into hydrogen and oxygen
4: Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Carbohydrates
How do plants store food ?
Plants store food in the form of Starch
How do animals store food ?
Animals store food in the form of glycogen
How does nutrition take place in Humans ?
- Feeding or Ingestion —-> 2.Digestion —>3.Absorption
- —> 4. Assimilation ——> 5.Egestion
Name 3 types of enzymes required in breakdown of food and tell there function.
- Amylase - Breakdown of Starch ex. (Salivary Amylase)
- Protease - Breakdown of proteins ex. ( Pepsin )
- Lipase - breakdown of Fats ex. (Pancreatic Lipase)
What does salivary amylase do ?
It converts Starch (sugar ) —–> Maltose (simple Sugar )
What is Gastric juice composed of ?
Its composed of the following :
- Pepsin - breaks down proteins
- H Cl - Makes medium acidic for pepsin to act on the food
- Mucus - protects the walls of the stomach from the acid
Which is the largest gland in our body ?
Largest Gland in our body is liver and it can weigh upto 1.5 KG
What is the function of the bile juice ?
- Makes the food alkaline
2. Helps in the emulsification of fats
What pancreatic juice contains ?
It contains the following enzymes :
1. Trypsin - helps in the digestion of
proteins
2.Lipase - Helps in the breakdown of emulsified fat
What do intestinal juices do ?
they convert :
- Carbohydrates - Glucose
- Fats - fatty acid + glycerol
- Proteins - amino acids
What are villi ?
Villi are finger-like projections in the small intestine that increase the surface are for absorption.
They are richly supplied with blood vessels which take the absorbed food to each and every cell of the body.
what is the other name of the large intestine ?
Other name of large intestine is Colon .
What is Respiration ?
The process by which Absorbed food is broken down / Oxidised to produce energy in cell is known as Respiration.
What happens in respiration ?
Glucose + Oxygen —> Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy
What is respiratory substrate ?
It is a substance which is broken down or oxidised to produce energy . Glucose ,Carbohydrates and proteins are respiratory substrates.
Name different types Respiration ,
There are 2 different types of Respiration:
- Aerobic Respiration
- Anaerobic Respiration
