Life span psychology

Question 1

Changes in developmental stages (Physical) - Gross.

Answer 1

Large muscle movement (E.g Walking, jumping); improves with age

Question 2

Changes in developmental stages (Physical) - Fine motor skills

Answer 2

Small movements (eg, writing, buttoning); develop through practice and maturation.

Changes through infancy,childhood,adolescence, adult and aging.

Question 3

Changes in developmental stages (Cognitive- Language)

Answer 3

Cooing-babbling-one-word-two words -> complex sentences

Question 4

Changes in developmental stages (Social and emotional development)

Answer 4

developments of self awareness, empathy and relationships.
->influenced by early attachment and social interactions

Question 5

Theory of cognitive development - Piaget (1936)

Answer 5

by someone which develops into an individual who can reason and think using predictions.

Question 6

Process of schema

Answer 6

Mental framework for understanding the world.

Question 7

Process of assimilation

Answer 7

adding new info to existing schemas.

Question 8

Process of accommodation

Answer 8

altering schema for new info.

Question 9

Process of equilibrium

Answer 9

balance between assimilation and accommodation.

Question 10

Process of disequilibrium

Answer 10

Cognitive conflict that prompts learning.

Question 11

Sensorimotor (0-2 years)

Answer 11

Learn through senses or actions

Question 12

Object permanence

Answer 12

means knowing an object still exists when it is no longer visible .

Question 13

Pre-operational (2-7 years)

Answer 13

Children begin to engage in symbolic play (Pretending) and learn to manipulate symbols.

Question 14

Pre-operational (Egocentrism)

Answer 14

Cant take others perspective (no understanding of the world other than their own pov assume others see the same) until about 7 years.

Question 15

Pre-operational (Animism)

Answer 15

belief objects are alive eg teddy bear.

Question 16

Pre-operational (Symbolic thinking)

Answer 16

use of symbols to represent objects or events (Make believe pay).

Question 17

Pre-operational (centration)

Answer 17

Children can only focus on one aspect at a time (eg blocks of sizes and colour, children with only pay attention to one).

Question 18

Concrete-operational (7-11 years)

Answer 18

Children able to think logically and carry out mental operations (concrete events or materials).

Question 19

Concrete-operational (Conservation)

Answer 19

Children cant see transformation.

Question 20

Concrete-operational (seriation)

Answer 20

children will have difficulty ordering objects according to dimension eg arranging sticks longer to shorter.

Question 21

Formal-operational (11+ years)

Answer 21

Children become capable of abstract thinking, adolescents can talk about more concepts such as honesty and morality.

Question 22

Formal-operational (Abstract thinking)

Answer 22

Eg no longer needing to think about slicing up cake or chewing sweets to understand division and fractions

Question 23

Invisible displacement

Answer 23

is the ability to track the movement of a hidden object after seeing that object placed in, under, or behind an object and moved into or behind a second object.

Question 24

3 mountains

Answer 24

children asked to select a picture showing what someone else would see. THEY CAN’T. Children almost always choose their own view.

Question 25

conservation

Answer 25

is the understanding that something stays the same in quantity even though its appearance changes. Children still not quite able to carry out mental operations that allow them to think logically.

Question 26

Pendulum problem

Answer 26

the method involved a length of string and a set of weights. Participants had to consider three factors (variables) the length of the string, the heaviness of the weight and the strength of push.