Lifelines Of National Economy

Question 1

Efficient means of transport is a prerequisite for fast development. Justify. [3]

Answer 1

• some goods and services that are necessary must be brought from other places
• The movement of these goods and services from the supply to the demand locations necessitates the need for transport
• thus the pace of development of a country depends on both, production of goods and services as well as their movement over space

Question 2

List the advantages of roadways over railways (7)

Answer 2

1. Easily built and maintained
2. Lower construction costs
3. Can traverse undulating topography
4. Can negotiate higher gradients of slopes
5. Economical for the transport of few persons and goods over short distances
6. Door to door services, thus reduced costs of loading and unloading
7. Feeder service for other means of transport

Question 3

What are the 6 types of roads in India?

Answer 3

1. Golden quadrilateral super highways (Delhi-Kolkata-Chennai-Mumbai; srinagar-kanyakumari-silchar-porbander)
   -national highways authority of India
   -reduce time and distance between mega cities
   -six lanes
2. National highways:
   NH1: sher sha Suri marg
   - connect extreme parts of the country
   -central public works department
3. State Highways
   -connect state capital with district headquarters
   -state public works department
4. District roads
   -district headquarters to other places
   -zilla parishad
5. Other roads
   -connect rural areas and villages with towns
   - pradhan mantri grameen sadak yojana: all villages are connected to a town by an all season motorable road
6. Border roads
   -Border Roads Organization
   -1960 for the development of roads of the strategic importance of north and north east states
   Improved accessibility and helped develop economy in these areas

Question 4

Importance of railways [5]

Answer 4

1. Principal mode of transport of freight and passengers
2. Business, sightseeing, pilgrimage
3. Transportation of goods over long distances
4. Bind the economic life of the country
5. Accelerate the development of industry and agriculture

Question 5

Distribution of railways

Answer 5

Influenced by physiographic, economic and administrative factors

1. Northern plains: vast level land, high population, rich agricultural resources- most favourable for their growth, However rivers required the construction of bridges across their beds
2. Himalayan mountains: high relief, sparse population, lack of economic opportunities - too unfavourable
3. Similar situations in sandy plains of Rajasthan, swamps of Gujarat, forested tracks of madhya pradesh and Jharkhand.
4. The development of the Konkan railway along the west coast has facilitated the movement of passengers and goods in the most important economic region of India

Question 6

Problems faced by railways (3)

Answer 6

1. Travel without tickets
2. Theft and damage of railway property
3. Pull chains unnecessarily: damage to trains

Question 7

What is pipeline used to transport?

Answer 7

1. Water
2. Crude oil
3. Petroleum and natural gas
4. Solids after being converted to slurry

Question 8

Significance of pipeline transportation

Answer 8

1. Allows the transport through far inland locations of refineries like Barauni, panipat and Mathura
2. Minimal running costs despite high costs of laying
3. Rules out trans shipment losses or delay

Question 9

Important pipeline transport networks

Answer 9

1. Assam to Kanpur
Via Guwahati-Barauni-Allahabad
-Barauni to Haldia via Rajbandh
-Rajbandh to Maurigram
-Guwahati to Siliguri
2. Salaiya (Gujarat) to Jalandhar in Punjab
Via Viramgam-Delhi-Sonipat
-Koyali (near vadodara)
-Chakshu
3. Hazira (gujarat) to Jagdishpur (UP)
-via vijaipur(MP)
-Kota
-shajahanpur 
-Babrala

Question 10

Importance of waterways (4)

Answer 10

1. Cheapest
2. Transport of bulky goods
3. Fuel efficient
4. Environment friendly

Question 11

National waterways (5)

Answer 11

1. Nw1: Ganga (Allahabad and Haldia)
2. Nw2: brahmaputra (Sadiya and Dhubri)
3. NW3: west coast canal in kerala
4. NW4: Krishna, Godavari, Kakinada Puducherry
5. NW5: Brahmani, Matai River, delta channels of Mahanadi and Brahmani and the East Coast canal

Question 12

Inland waterways (6)

Answer 12

Mandavi
Zuari
Cumberja
Sundarbans
Barak
Kerala

Question 13

Kandla

Answer 13

1. Kuchchh: first port after independence
2. to ease volume of trade in Mumbai after losing 3. Karachi to Pakistan.
3. Also called Deendayal.
4. Tidal port

Question 14

problems faced by road transportation

Answer 14

1. unmetalled roads, difficulty in transport during the rainy season
2. inadequate reach of national highways in many places
3. high traffic congestion in roads and cities
4. old and narrow tunnels connecting roads in many places

Question 15

Mumbai Port

Answer 15

biggest port in India
spacious, natural and well sheltered harbor
the JN port in Uran- developed to decongest and serve as a hub port in northern Maharashtra

Question 16

Marmagao

Answer 16

goa

premier iron export (50%)

Question 17

New Mangalore

Answer 17

Iron Ore from Kudhremukh mines

Question 18

Kochchi

Answer 18

extreme south western port

entrance of a lagoon with a natural harbor

Question 19

Tuticorin

Answer 19

extreme south eastern port, Tamil Nadu
natural harbor; rich hinterland
cargo to SL, Maldives, and coastal regions of India

Question 20

Chennai

Answer 20

oldest artificial port in India

second largest after Mumbai

Question 21

Vizag or Vishakhapatnam

Answer 21

deepest land locked and well protected port

iron ore

Question 22

Kolkata

Answer 22

inland riverine port
hinterland of Ganga-Brahmaputra basin
Tidal port- requires constant dredging of the Hoogly HOO lmao

Question 23

Haldia

Answer 23

subsidiary port to relieve pressure in Kolkata

Question 24

air travel advantages

Answer 24

most comfortable
prestigious
fastest
covers difficult terrain
most expensive (provisions in north east to make it available to common people)

Question 25

post

Answer 25

- department of Post, ministry of communication and IT
first class mail: post cards, envelopes, inland letter forms (airlifted)
second class mail: book packets, newspapers and periodicals (land and water)

Question 26

telecom:

Answer 26

• 24 hours subscriber trunk dialing available in every village to improve telephonic communication
• made possible due to integration of developments in space technology

Question 27

mail:

Answer 27

6 channels: Rajdhani
Metro
green
business
bulk mail
periodic

Question 28

mobile telephones

Answer 28

idrc

Question 29

television and radio

Answer 29

all india radio (aakashwani) and doordarshan (national tv channel) broadcast programs in national, regional and local languages for various categories

Question 30

newspapers, periodicals and magazines

Answer 30

• newspapers in over 100 languages and dialects
• hindi, urdu and english newspapers are the largest
• periodicals and magazines can be published weekly, monthly etc

Question 31

films

Answer 31

• India is the largest producer of feature films in the world
• the Central board of film certification is the authority to certify both Indian and foreign films

Question 32

international trade

Answer 32

1. trade is the exchange of goods among people, states and countries
2. takes place in markets
3. international trade takes place between two countries through land, air or sea and is considered the economic parameter for the country, and gives the idea of its prosperity
4. export is the goods sent to other country, imports is the goods brought into the country for sale
5. exports from India: agricultural produce; Gems and jewelry, engineering goods, petroleum products and minerals
   imports to India: petrol and petroleum products
   precious stones, chemicals, coal and coke, machinery

Question 33

balance of trade

Answer 33

• difference between imports and exports
• value of exports>imports: favorable balance of trade
• imports>exports: unfavorable balance of trade

Question 34

tourism as trade

Answer 34

1. grown substantially over the last three decades
2. promotes national integration
3. support to local handicrafts and cultural pursuits
4. development of international understanding of our country
   types of tourism : eco, heritage, adventure, cultural, medical and business