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Anatomy 2 > Ligaments and joints > Flashcards

Ligaments and joints Flashcards

(92 cards)

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1
Q

Glenohumeral joint classification

A

Synovial, multiaxial, ball and socket

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2
Q

Synovial membrane of glenohumeral joint lines

A

Joint capsule
Booney grooves of joint capsule

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2
Q

Glenohumeral joint articular capsule attatchments

A

Medial to margin of glenoid fossa + labrum

Lateral to margin of shaft of humerus

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2
Q

Glenohumeral joint movements

A

Flexion and extension
Abduction and adduction
Internal and external rotation

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3
Q

Glenoid labrum explain

A

Fibrocartilaginous structure around glenoid fossa

Function: mobility, increased glenoid convexity

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3
Q

Glenohumeral joint articular capsule reinforcement

A

Rotator cuff muscle tendons
Long tricep tendon
Glenohumeral and coracohumeral ligaments

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4
Q

Coracohumeral ligament attatchments

A

Coracoid -> greater tubercle of humerus

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5
Q

Coracohumeral ligament prevents what

A

Prevents inferior and lateral dislocation of humerus

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6
Q

Coracoacromial ligament attatchments

A

Coracoid -> acromion

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7
Q

Coracoacromial ligament prevents

A

Superior dislocation of humerus

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8
Q

Glenohumeral ligament attatchments

A

Rim of anterior glenoid -> humerus

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9
Q

Glenohumeral ligament inferior role

A

Prevents anterior dislocation of humerus when fully flexed/abducted

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10
Q

Glenohumeral ligament superior role

A

Prevents inferior and lateral dislocation
Limits external rotation

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11
Q

Glenohumeral ligament middle role

A

Limits external rotation

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12
Q

Transverse humeral passes

A

Humeral tubercle

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13
Q

Transverse humeral role

A

Holds heads of biceps brachii in bicipital grooves

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14
Q

Acromioclavicular joint classification

A

Synovial, multiaxial, plane

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15
Q

Acromioclavicular joint articular surfaces

A

Acromial end of clavicle

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16
Q

Acromioclavicular joint articular capsule

A

Loose and reinforced by capsular ligaments

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17
Q

Coracoclavicular ligament attatchment

A

Coracoid -> clavicle

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18
Q

Coracoclavicular ligament concoid part attatchment

A

Concoid tubercle

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19
Q

Coracoclavicular ligament trazpeoid part attatchment

A

Trapezoid line

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20
Q

Coracoclavicular ligament concoid part limits what

A

Limits protraction

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21
Q

Sternoclavicular joint classification

A

Synovial, multiaxial, modified ball and socket

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22
Coracoclavicular ligament trapezoid part limits what
Limits retraction
23
Sternoclavicular joint articular surfaces
Sternal end of clavicle (male) Clavicular notch of sternum (female)
24
Sternoclavicular joint capsule
Strong and reinforced by capsular ligaments
25
Costoclavicular ligament attatchment
Rib 1 -> clavicle
26
Costoclavicular ligament limits
Limits elevation, protraction, retraction
27
Anterior sternoclavicular limits
Limits retraction
28
Posterior sternoclavicular limits
Limits protraction
28
Anterior sternoclavicular attatchment
Sternum -> clavicle
28
Scapulothoracic joint function
Allows scapula motion against the rib cage
29
Elbow joint clasification
Synovial, uniaxial, hinge
29
Posterior sternoclavicular attatchment
Sternum -> clavicle
30
Elbow joint articulations
Humeroulnar Humeroradial
31
Elbow joint ulnar (medial) collateral ligament attatchment
Medial epicondyle of humerus -> coronoid process of ulna
32
Elbow joint ulnar (medial) collateral ligament function
Prevents abduction of the forearm
33
Elbow joint radial collateral ligament attatchment
Lateral epicondyle of humerus -> annular ligament
34
Elbow joint radial collateral ligament function
Prevents adduction of the forearm
35
Proximal radioulnar joint classification
Synovial, uniaxial, pivot
35
Proximal radioulnar joint annular ligament attatchment
Anterior and posterior margin of radial notch of ulna
36
Proximal radioulnar joint articular surfaces
Head of radius Radial notch of ulna
37
Proximal radioulnar joint annular ligament shape and purpose
Funnel shaped: helps prevent inferior dislocation of radial head
37
Proximal radioulnar joint annular ligament function
Allows pronation and supination of the forearm
38
Middle radioulnar joint classification
Fibrous, syndesmosis
39
Middle radioulnar joint function
Site of muscle attachment Fulcrum for pronation and supination of forearm
40
Distal radioulnar joint classification
Synovial, uniaxial, pivot
41
Radiocarpal joint classification
Synovial, biaxial, ellipsoid
42
Radiocarpal joint articular surface
Distal end of radius Proximal row of carpals
43
Radiocarpal joint articular capsule
* Attaches to articular margins of bones * Reinforced by capsular ligaments
44
Radiocarpal joint joint cavity
Occasionally communicates with distal radioulnar joint cavity
45
Triangular fibrocartilage complex is what
Complex of ligaments and cartilage
46
Triangular fibrocartilage complex function
* Transmits and distributes load from carpals to ulna * Helps facilitate complex wrist movements
47
Palmar radiocarpal ligament attatchment
Radius -> carpal bones on anterior (palmar) side of hand
48
Dorsal radiocarpal ligament function
* Limits flexion of the hand * Ensures that the hand moves with the forearm during pronation and supination
48
Palmar radiocarpal ligament function
* Limits extension of the hand * Ensures that the hand moves with the forearm during pronation and supination
49
Radioulnar joint ulnar (medial) collateral ligament attatchment
Styloid process of ulna -> triquetrum and pisiform
49
Radioulnar joint ulnar (medial) collateral ligament function
limits abduction of the hand
50
Midcarpal joint joint cavity
* Extensive and irregular * Extends proximally and distally between carpal bones in both rows
50
Intercarpal joint function
Prevents lunate dislocating from scaphoid
51
Dorsal radiocarpal ligament attatchment
Radius -> carpal bones on posterior (dorsal) side of hand 
52
Midcarpal joint articular surfaces
* Proximal row of carpals * Distal row of carpals
52
Midcarpal joint classification
Synovial, compound joint
53
Midcarpal joint articular capsule
* Attaches to articular margins of bones * Reinforced by capsular ligaments
54
Intercarpal joint classification
Synovial, multiaxial, plane
55
Midcarpal joint radial and ulnar collateral ligaments explain
Continuations of collateral ligaments of radiocarpal joint (same function)
56
Palmar intercarpal ligament function
Limits extension of the hand
56
Dorsal intercarpal ligament function
Limits flexion of the hand
57
Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb classification
Synovial, biaxial, saddle
58
Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb articular surface
* Trapezium * Base of 1st metacarpal
59
Anterior and posterior oblique ligaments function
Limit flexion (posterior) and extension (anterior) of the thumb
59
Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb articular capsule
* Attaches to articular margins of bones * Relatively loose, but strong
60
Carpometacarpal joints of digits 2-5 articular surfaces
* 2nd: trapezoid and base of 2nd metacarpal * 3rd: capitate and base of 3rd metacarpal * 4th: hamate and base of 4th metacarpal * 5th: hamate and base of 5th metacarpal
61
Carpometacarpal joints of digits 2-5 classification
Synovial, multiaxial, plane
62
Carpometacarpal joints of digits 2-5 articular capsule
* Attaches to articular margins of bones * Reinforced by capsular ligaments
63
Carpometacarpal joints of digits 2-5 movements
Small gliding movements
64
Carpometacarpal joints of digits 2-5 joint cavity
* Extends proximally between carpal bones + communicates with the midcarpal joint cavity * Extends distally between bases of metacarpals 2-5
65
Palmar carpometacarpal ligaments attatchments
Distal row of carpal bones -> bases of metacarpals 2-5 on anterior (palmar) side of hand
66
Palmar carpometacarpal ligaments number of bands
Two bands to each metacarpal
66
Dorsal carpometacarpal ligaments attatchments
Distal row of carpal bones -> bases of metacarpals 2-5 on posterior (dorsal) side of hand
67
Dorsal carpometacarpal ligaments number of bands
Two bands to each metacarpal
68
Metacarpophalangeal joints classification
Synovial, biaxial, condyloid
68
Metacarpophalangeal joints articular surfaces
* Heads of metacarpals * Bases of proximal phalanges
68
Metacarpophalangeal joints movement movements
* Flexion and extension * Abduction and adduction * Circumduction
68
Metacarpophalangeal joints collateral ligaments function
Limit flexion of digits + prevent abduction and adduction of digits in flexion
69
Palmar ligaments (plates) is what
* Fibrocartilaginous plates * Form part of the articular surfaces * Grooved for long flexor tendon
70
Palmar ligaments (plates) function
limit extension of digits
71
Interphalangeal joints function
synovial, uniaxial, hinge
71
Interphalangeal joints articular surfaces
* Head of phalanx * Base of adjacent phalanx
72
Interphalangeal joints collateral ligaments function
limit flexion of digits
72
Interphalangeal joints movements
flexion and extension

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