Light

Question 2

A wave transfers _____________. It does not transfer ______________.

Answer 2

A wave transfers energy. It does not transfer matter.

Question 3

In a _______________ wave the vibration of the particles is perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer.

Answer 3

In a transverse wave the vibration of the particles is perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer.

Question 4

In a _______________ wave the vibration of the particles is parallel to the direction of energy transfer.

Answer 4

In a longitudinal wave the vibration of the particles is parallel to the direction of energy transfer.

Question 5

Transverse wave - the _______________ of the particles is __________________ to the direction of energy transfer.

Answer 5

Transverse wave - the vibration of the particles is perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer.

Question 6

Longitudinal wave - the _______________ of the particles is __________________ to the direction of energy transfer.

Answer 6

Longitudinal wave - the vibration of the particles is parallel to the direction of energy transfer.

Question 7

In a longitudinal wave, areas where the particles are pushed together are called _________________ and areas where the particles are spread out are called _________________

Answer 7

In a longitudinal wave, areas where the particles are pushed together are called compressions and areas where the particles are spread out are called rarefactions.

Question 8

A louder sound will have a higher __________________.

Answer 8

A louder sound will have a higher amplitude.

Question 9

A high-pitched sound will have a higher _________________

Answer 9

A high-pitched sound will have a higher frequency.

Question 10

Give an example of a longitudinal wave.

Answer 10

An example of a longitudinal wave is a sound wave.

Question 11

Give an example of a transverse wave.

Answer 11

An example of a transverse wave is a light wave.

Question 12

An object which gives off light is known as….

Answer 12

An object which gives off light is known as a luminous object.

Question 13

How can we see non-luminous objects?

Answer 13

We can see non-luminous objects because they reflect light.

Question 14

When light hits an object and ‘stops’ it is known as…

Answer 14

When light hits an object and ‘stops’ it is known as absorption.

Question 15

When light hits an object and bounces off it is known as…

Answer 15

When light hits an object and bounces off it is known as reflection.

Question 16

A material that lets light through without scattering is known as…

Answer 16

A material that lets light through without scattering is known as a transparent material.

Question 17

What is an opaque material?

Answer 17

An opaque material is one that does not allow light to pass through.

Question 18

An object that scatters light as it passes through is known as…

Answer 18

An object that scatters light as it passes through is known as a translucent object.

Question 19

How does the angle of incidence compare to the angle of reflection?

Answer 19

The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.

Question 20

If we are drawing a reflected ray, which step is missing? 1. Extend the incident line to the surface. 2. 3. Measure angle of incidence. 4. Construct your angle of reflection.

Answer 20

2. Draw the normal line at the point of incidence.

Question 21

What is refraction?

Answer 21

Refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another.

Question 22

When does refraction occur?

Answer 22

Refraction occurs when light travels through different medium.

Question 23

If the speed of a wave decreases as it moves into a new substance it will bend _____________ the normal.

Answer 23

If the speed of a wave decreases as it moves into a new substance it will bend towards the normal.

Question 24

If the speed of a wave increases as it moves into a new substance it will bend _____________ the normal.

Answer 24

If the speed of a wave increases as it moves into a new substance it will bend away from the normal.

Question 25

When the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle, what will happen to the light?

Answer 25

When the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle, total internal reflection will occur.

Question 26

If all the light is reflected with a material (e.g. a piece of glass), what is this known as?

Answer 26

If all the light is reflected with a material, this is known as total internal reflection.

Question 27

Give two examples of where total internal reflection is found in real-life applications.

Answer 27

Examples include optical fibers and diamonds.

Question 28

What is the name of the coloured circle around the pupil? It controls the size of the pupil.

Answer 28

The name of the coloured circle around the pupil is the iris.

Question 29

What is the purpose of the lens in the eye?

Answer 29

The purpose of the lens in the eye is to focus light onto the retina.

Question 30

What do you call the black part of the eye? It is the opening that lets light in.

Answer 30

The black part of the eye is called the pupil.

Question 31

What is the retina?

Answer 31

The retina is the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye.

Question 32

What is the purpose of the optic nerve?

Answer 32

The purpose of the optic nerve is to transmit visual information from the retina to the brain.

Question 33

Why do we end up with an inverted image formed on our retina when we look at an object?

Answer 33

We end up with an inverted image because of the way the lens refracts light.

Question 34

What three colours of light can our eyes detect?

Answer 34

Our eyes can detect red, green, and blue light.

Question 35

What are the colours of the spectrum that make up white light?

Answer 35

The colours of the spectrum that make up white light are red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet.

Question 36

The colour of a light depends on what feature of a wave?

Answer 36

The colour of a light depends on the wavelength of the wave.

Question 37

When light enters a prism it splits into the colours of the spectrum, what do we call this effect?

Answer 37

This effect is called dispersion.

Question 38

Why does a blue object appear blue when a white light is shone upon it?

Answer 38

A blue object appears blue because it reflects blue light and absorbs other colours.

Question 39

Why do black objects appear black?

Answer 39

Black objects appear black because they absorb all colours of light.

Question 40

When red and green light is combined, what colour is formed?

Answer 40

When red and green light is combined, yellow is formed.

Question 41

When red and blue light is combined, what colour is formed?

Answer 41

When red and blue light is combined, magenta is formed.

Question 42

When blue and green light is combined, what colour is formed?

Answer 42

When blue and green light is combined, cyan is formed.

Question 43

Sketch a low-pitched sound becoming a high-pitched sound (the volume remains constant).

Answer 43

Sketch should show a wave with increasing frequency.

Question 44

Sketch a quiet sound becoming a loud sound (the pitch remains unchanged).

Answer 44

Sketch should show a wave with increasing amplitude.

Question 45

If a sound is becoming lower pitched, what is decreasing?

Answer 45

If a sound is becoming lower pitched, the frequency is decreasing.

Question 46

If a sound is becoming lower in volume, what is decreasing?

Answer 46

If a sound is becoming lower in volume, the amplitude is decreasing.

Question 47

What formula can we use to calculate the speed of sound?

Answer 47

The formula to calculate the speed of sound is speed = distance / time.

Question 48

Do sound waves travel fastest in solid, liquid or gas?

Answer 48

Sound waves travel fastest in solids.

Question 49

Do light waves travel fastest through a solid, liquid or gas?

Answer 49

Light waves travel fastest through a gas.

Question 50

When calculating the speed of sound using an echo, what must you remember?

Answer 50

When calculating the speed of sound using an echo, remember to divide the total distance by two.