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Science 8 My Deck > Light And Optical System > Flashcards

Light And Optical System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the predictable behaviors of light?

A

Light can transmit and reflect

Light behaves in predictable ways depending on the situation.

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2
Q

How does light travel in relation to objects?

A

Light moves from objects to your eyes in straight lines

This assumption is fundamental to how we perceive the world.

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3
Q

How long does it take for light from Alpha Centauri to reach Earth?

A

4.3 years

Alpha Centauri is the next closest star to Earth.

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4
Q

What is a Ray Diagram?

A

A diagram used to represent how light travels

Each ray in a ray diagram has an arrow indicating the direction of travel.

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5
Q

What does a ray diagram typically show?

A

Light rays that travel towards the target

Although light radiates in all directions, ray diagrams focus on the rays directed at the target.

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6
Q

Why are ray diagrams useful?

A

They show how light behaves in different situations

Ray diagrams can illustrate various light interactions.

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7
Q

What effect does distance have on light intensity according to ray diagrams?

A

The brightness or intensity of light changes with distance

Ray diagrams can help explain this relationship.

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8
Q

What happens to the number of light rays reaching your eyes as you move farther from a light source?

A

Fewer light rays reach your eyes

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9
Q

What is light intensity?

A

Brightness of light; amount per unit area at a place

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10
Q

What is a shadow created by?

A

The absence of light

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11
Q

How do we perceive a shadow?

A

As a lack of light

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12
Q

What does ‘transparent’ describe?

A

Materials that allow light to pass through with little or no reflection

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13
Q

Give an example of a transparent material.

A

Glass

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14
Q

What does ‘translucent’ describe?

A

Materials that allow some, but not all, light to pass through

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15
Q

What does ‘opaque’ describe?

A

Materials that do not allow light to pass through

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16
Q

Give examples of opaque materials.

A

Wood, metal, cardboard

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17
Q

What does ‘non-luminous’ refer to?

A

Objects that do not produce light but may reflect it

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18
Q

Give an example of a non-luminous object.

A

The moon

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19
Q

True or False: Most objects on Earth are non-luminous.

A

True

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20
Q

What is the definition of luminous objects?

A

Objects that produce light

Examples include the Sun, light bulb, and fire.

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21
Q

What type of measurement is expressed in words based on qualities or attributes?

A

Qualitative measurement

This type of measurement does not involve numbers.

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22
Q

What type of measurement uses numbers or units to express an amount?

A

Quantitative measurement

This measurement provides a numerical representation.

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23
Q

What is regular reflection?

A

Reflection that occurs when parallel rays hit a smooth surface

All rays reflect at the same angle.

24
Q

What happens to light rays in diffuse reflection?

A

They reflect at different angles

This occurs when parallel rays hit a rough surface.

25
Fill in the blank: The _______ the surface, the better the regular reflection.
smoother
26
What allows an object to be seen from any position in diffuse reflection?
The scattering of light rays
27
What has contributed to our knowledge about light and vision?
Explanations, inventions, and investigations ## Footnote These aspects help us understand the nature of light and how we perceive it.
28
What is the primary purpose of optical devices?
To overcome the limitations of our eyes ## Footnote Optical devices enhance our ability to see and interpret light.
29
When was the Hubble Telescope put into orbit?
1990 ## Footnote This telescope has significantly improved our understanding of the universe.
30
Why does the Hubble Telescope provide better image quality?
It does not have to see through the Earth's atmosphere ## Footnote This allows for clearer and more detailed astronomical images.
31
What is the expected advantage of the replacement for the Hubble Telescope (NGST)?
10x's more powerful ## Footnote This new telescope aims to enhance our observational capabilities significantly.
32
What is the Capsule Endoscope designed to do?
Capture high-quality images of the digestive tract ## Footnote This device is swallowed like a pill and uses light and video imaging.
33
How are images from the Capsule Endoscope transmitted?
By radio signal to a video unit outside the body ## Footnote This allows for non-invasive examination of the digestive system.
34
What ancient civilizations used mirrors and lenses?
China and Ancient Greece ## Footnote These civilizations were among the first to experiment with optical devices.
35
Who proposed using mirrors to reflect sunlight to burn enemy ships?
Archimedes ## Footnote Archimedes was a Greek scientist known for his contributions to mathematics and physics.
36
What did Archimedes believe about the nature of light?
He thought light consisted of beams.
37
What was the problem with Archimedes' theory of light?
If light were beams, why can't you see in the dark?
38
Who discovered the law of reflection regarding light and mirrors?
Euclid ## Footnote Euclid was a prominent Greek mathematician known for his work in geometry.
39
What does the law of reflection state?
The angle between the incoming beam and the mirror is equal to the angle between the reflected beam and the mirror.
40
Fill in the blank: According to Euclid's discovery, light travels in _______.
straight lines.
41
Who described how light beams bend in the first century A.D.?
Ptolemy ## Footnote Ptolemy's work laid the groundwork for future studies in optics.
42
What significant contribution did Al-Haytham make to the field of optics in 1000 A.D.?
He accurately described how vision works ## Footnote Al-Haytham's detailed proof that light bounces off objects and travels to the eye led to the abandonment of Pythagoras' theory.
43
What was Al-Haytham's challenge in explaining natural phenomena?
Rainbows ## Footnote Despite his contributions to optics, he struggled to explain the phenomenon of rainbows.
44
Who was interested in the colors of the rainbow and conducted light experiments?
Sir Isaac Newton ## Footnote Newton's experiments played a crucial role in understanding light and color.
45
What experiment did Newton perform to demonstrate that white light is a mixture of colors?
He used a prism ## Footnote By passing white light through a prism, Newton showed that it separates into different colors.
46
What did Newton demonstrate by using a second prism?
Colors combine back into white light ## Footnote This experiment confirmed that white light is made up of various colors.
47
Who made the first reasonably accurate measurement of the speed of light?
Ole Romer in 1676 ## Footnote Romer's work marked a significant advancement in understanding the speed of light.
48
Who refined Ole Romer's measurement of the speed of light in the 1920s?
Albert A. Michelson ## Footnote Michelson used advanced techniques to achieve a more precise measurement of the speed of light.
49
What was the calculated speed of light through Earth's atmosphere according to Michelson?
299,792 km/s ## Footnote This value is widely accepted as the speed of light in a vacuum.
50
Fill in the blank: The first accurate measurement of the speed of light was made by _______.
Ole Romer ## Footnote Romer's work was foundational in the study of light speed.
51
What is one basic property of light?
Light travels in straight lines ## Footnote This property is fundamental in understanding how light behaves in various mediums.
52
What does it mean that light can be resected?
Light can be redirected or reflected ## Footnote This property is essential for understanding optical devices such as mirrors.
53
What is a property of light that involves changing direction?
Light can bend ## Footnote This bending of light is known as refraction and occurs when light passes through different mediums.
54
Light is a form of _______.
energy ## Footnote This classification helps in understanding light's interactions with matter.
55
Who has contributed to our knowledge of light?
Many different people ## Footnote Contributions come from various scientists and researchers throughout history.

Science 8 My Deck (2 decks)

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