light and optics

Question 1

what is the law of reflection

Answer 1

The angle of incidence will always match the angle of reflection

Question 2

How do you measure the angle of reflection and incidence

Answer 2

Measure it from the reflective surface (if the angle doesn’t match it’s wrong)

Question 3

How will the angle of a light beam change when it passes through different densities

Answer 3

When light travels through a less dense medium to a more dense medium it bends toward the normal, and when it goes through a more dense medium to a less dense medium it bends away from the normal

Question 4

What does a diagram of a spectrum look like?

Answer 4

The beam of white light will pass through a prism, and exit it as a spectrum of colours (roygbiv)
- since red had the longest wavelength it will travel the farthest

Question 5

What happens to a light beam when it passes through a double or single convex lens

Answer 5

single:the light rays will enter and be refracted inwards to a focal point
Double: the light rays will enter and be refracted 2 time and it will result in more refracted rays

Question 6

What happens to a light beam when it passes through a double or single concave lens

Answer 6

single: the light rays will enter and be refracted outwards, away from the middle beam (which will stay the same and continue straight

double: the light ray will enter and be refracted twice (outside and inside). this will result in more refracted ways the the focus will be closer to the lens

Question 7

What is nearsightedness

Answer 7

the lens of your eye focuses the light before your retin causeing objects that are far away appear blurry and out of focus

Question 8

What causes nearsightedness

Answer 8

When your lens is focusing the light before it can reach the retina

Question 9

What is farsightedness

Answer 9

When objects nearby appear blurry and out of focus

Question 10

What causes farsightedness

Answer 10

Your lens focusing the light after the retina

Question 11

How do we fix farsightedness

Answer 11

Glasses or corrective lenses (convex lenses)

Question 12

What are the 9 parts of the eye?

Answer 12

retina
vitreas humorous
iris
Pupil
Optic nerve
muscles
aqueous humorous
Cornea
lens

Question 13

What does the retina do

Answer 13

• captures the light that enters the eye
• converts the light/interprets the light

Question 14

What does the vitreous humorous do

Answer 14

• Mainly provides volume and makes the shape and provides nutrients to the eye
• bodily fluid found in the eye

Question 15

What does the iris do

Answer 15

Controls the amount of light entering the eye

Question 16

What does the pupil do

Answer 16

Allows light to enter the eye

Question 17

What does the optic nerve do

Answer 17

sends electrical signals to your brain (these signals describe what the eye sees)

Question 18

What do the ciliary muscles do

Answer 18

• Change the shape of the lens
• when they get older they get elasticized w age they become weak
• permit accommodation

Question 19

What does the lens do

Answer 19

• refract/focus the incoming light coming onto the retina
• if it is misshapen it causes near/farsightedness

Question 20

what does the aqueous humour do

Answer 20

• found in the interior chamber
• Provides hydration and nutrients
• Nourishes the front part of the eye
• Helps with refraction
• bodily fluid found in the eye

Question 21

what does the cornea do

Answer 21

• Protects the eye
• Refracts light

Question 22

What is incandescent light?

Answer 22

Light produced by heating a material, typically a filament, until it glows.

Question 23

True or False: Fluorescent lights produce light through incandescence.

Answer 23

False

Question 24

Fill in the blank: _________ is a type of light produced when a substance absorbs photons and then re-emits them over a longer time period.

Answer 24

Phosphorescent light

Question 25

What is chemiluminescence?

Answer 25

The production of light as a result of a chemical reaction.

Question 26

Which type of light is produced by living organisms, such as fireflies?

Answer 26

Bioluminescent light

Question 27

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a source of light? A) Incandescent B) Fluorescent C) Conductive D) Bioluminescent

Answer 27

C) Conductive

Question 28

What is the main difference between incandescent and fluorescent lights?

Answer 28

Incandescent lights produce light by heating a filament, while fluorescent lights use electric current to excite gas and produce light.

Question 29

True or False: Phosphorescent materials can glow in the dark after being exposed to light.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

Fill in the blank: The light produced by chemical reactions in glow sticks is an example of _________.

Answer 30

Chemiluminescence

Question 31

What are the environmental benefits of using fluorescent lights over incandescent lights?

Answer 31

Fluorescent lights use less energy and have a longer lifespan, reducing electricity consumption and waste.

Question 32

What is the definition of a transparent material?

Answer 32

A transparent material allows light to pass through it without significant scattering.

Question 33

True or False: Opaque materials allow light to pass through them.

Answer 33

False

Question 34

Fill in the blank: A _______ material allows some light to pass through, but not enough for objects to be clearly seen.

Answer 34

translucent

Question 35

Which of the following is an example of a translucent material? A) Glass B) Frosted glass C) Wood

Answer 35

B) Frosted glass

Question 36

What is an example of an opaque material?

Answer 36

Wood or metal

Question 37

True or False: Light can be partially absorbed and scattered by translucent materials.

Answer 37

True

Question 38

What property distinguishes transparent materials from translucent materials?

Answer 38

Transparent materials allow clear visibility of objects, while translucent materials do not.

Question 39

Multiple choice: Which of the following statements is true? A) All translucent materials are also transparent. B) All opaque materials reflect light. C) Transparent materials do not scatter light.

Answer 39

C) Transparent materials do not scatter light.

Question 40

Define opaque materials.

Answer 40

Opaque materials do not allow any light to pass through them.

Question 41

Fill in the blank: An example of a transparent material is _______.

Answer 41

clear glass

Question 42

What does ROYGBIV stand for in the context of the visible spectrum?

Answer 42

Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet

Question 43

True or False: A prism can separate white light into its component colors.

Answer 43

True

Question 44

Fill in the blank: The phenomenon of light bending when passing through a prism is called __________.

Answer 44

refraction

Question 45

What is the order of colors in the visible spectrum as seen in a prism?

Answer 45

Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet

Question 46

Which color of light has the longest wavelength in the visible spectrum?

Answer 46

Red

Question 47

Multiple choice: Which of the following colors has the shortest wavelength? A) Red B) Blue C) Green

Answer 47

B) Blue

Question 48

What type of material is typically used to make a prism?

Answer 48

Glass or acrylic

Question 49

True or False: The angle of a prism affects the dispersion of light.

Answer 49

True

Question 50

Short answer: What is the primary effect of a prism on white light?

Answer 50

It disperses white light into a spectrum of colors.

Question 51

Fill in the blank: The bending of light as it enters and exits a prism is due to changes in __________.

Answer 51

speed

Question 52

What are the two main types of photoreceptor cells in the retina?

Answer 52

Cones and rods.

Question 53

True or False: Rods are responsible for color vision.

Answer 53

False.

Question 54

Fill in the blank: Cones are primarily responsible for ______ vision.

Answer 54

color.

Question 55

Which type of photoreceptor is more sensitive to low light conditions?

Answer 55

Rods.

Question 56

Multiple choice: What is the primary function of rods?

Answer 56

To detect light and movement in low-light conditions.

Question 57

additive theory

Answer 57

describes how colors are perceived when mixing different wavelengths of light, primarily red, green, and blue (RGB) used for tv, computers

Question 58

subtractive theory

Answer 58

explains how colors are perceived when light interacts with pigments or filters that absorb certain wavelengths of light the idea that different pigments, like in paint or ink, create colors by absorbing certain wavelengths of light and reflecting others

Question 59

total internal reflection (fibre optics)

Answer 59

when light is put through a curtain material it internally reflect off the sides and comes out the other end

Question 60

Tools to extend our vision – (telescopes, binoculars, microscopes,)

Answer 60

they work by using convex lens to take a small area and make it larger (magnify it) some work by stacking lenses on top of each other to enlarge the field of vision

Question 61

basic properties of light

Answer 61

it either travels in straight lines or waves

Question 62

what is the amount of visible light

Answer 62

380 nano meters (ultra violet) to 700 nano meters (red light)

Question 63

what does it mean for light to be absorbed

Answer 63

the energy is converted to other forms of energy like heat

Question 64

what does it mean for light to be transmitted

Answer 64

the light travels through a transparent or translucent material without being absorbed or reflected (it travels straight through)

Question 65

what does it mean for light to be reflected

Answer 65

the light bounces off of the surface (it does not get absorbed and does not pass through)

Question 66

transparent, translucent, opaque

Answer 66

transparent=see though, translucent= cloudy/almost see though, opaque= not see through at all