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4th Year, Week 5 (Lighting Essentials 1 and Motors 3) > Lighting Essentials > Flashcards

Lighting Essentials Flashcards

(89 cards)

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1
Q

What are the 5 layers of lighting?

A
  1. ) Ambient
  2. ) Daylight
  3. ) Decorative
  4. ) Focal
  5. ) Task
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2
Q

The ____ layer provides the background lighting that helps create the mood of the space.

A

Ambient

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3
Q

The ____ layer incorporates the natural light from the sun, direct or reflected.

A

Daylight

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4
Q

The ____ layer is often referred to as the “Jewelry of Architecture.”

A

Decorative

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5
Q

The ____ layer is typically used to highlight vertical surfaces and three-dimensional surfaces.

A

Focal

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6
Q

The ____ layer is used to illuminate specific tasks performed in the space.

A

Task

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7
Q

____ lighting is when the space contains only one style or only similar fixtures to provide all layers needed.

A

General

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8
Q

Decorative lighting fixtures can also be used for both the ____ and ____ layers.

A

Ambient and Task

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9
Q

“Visually perceived radiant energy” is a simple definition of ____.

A

Light

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10
Q

T/F: Visible light is only a small portion of the electromagnetic spectrum

A

True

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11
Q

The speed of light is about ____ km/s.

A

300,000 km/s

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12
Q

What wavelength are human eyes most sensitive to?

A

550 nm

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13
Q

What wavelengths are part of the visible spectrum?

A

400-700 nm

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14
Q

Light that features all the visible wavelengths in equal amount appears ____ in color.

A

White

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15
Q

What are the three primary colors?

A

Red, Green, Blue

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16
Q

____ assesses the the impact, or quality, of different colors under a given light source.

A

Color-Rendering Index

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17
Q

CRI is an average of the quality of __ different colors.

A

8

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18
Q

Energy Efficiency of a lamp is called ____, and is measured in ____.

A

Efficacy, Lumens per Watt

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19
Q

____ is the measure of a lamp’s loss of efficacy over time.

A

Lumen-Maintenance

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20
Q

____ is the measure of a light output from a source, and the setting does not change the value.

A

Lumens.

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21
Q

____ is a measure of how much light is hitting a surface, and can be changed depending on how far from surfaces the source is, reflectance, and interference.

A

Foot-candles

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22
Q

When tungsten redeposits on the filament of a halogen lamp, the process is called ____.

A

Regeneration

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23
Q

Fluorescent Tubes are filled with ____.

A

Low-Pressure Mercury Vapor

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24
Q

Fluorescent Tubes have a ____ coating which filters out UV rays.

A

Triphosphor

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25
What two types of lamps have filaments?
Incandescent and Halogen
26
LED fixtures run on DC voltage, therefore they require a ____.
Driver/Rectifier
27
What are the three starting techniques for fluorescent lamps?
1. ) Instant Start 2. ) Rapid Start 3. ) Programmed Rapid Start
28
Fluorescent lamps are ____% more effective than incandescent.
400%
29
What are the three secondary colors?
1.) Magenta, Cyan, and Yellow.
30
Natural light is considered to have a CRI of ___.
100
31
Standard incandescent lamps have a color temperature of ____K.
2700K
32
Standard Halogens have a color temperature of ____K
3000K
33
It is recommended for buildings such as offices/schools to have lights with color temperatures of ____-____K
3500-4100K
34
T/F: Lamps maintain the same color temperature over their entire service life.
False, they shift over time.
35
____ is the body's response to natural light and darkness.
Circadian Rythm
36
A ____ is a window, door, or skylight which lets natural light into a structure.
Fenestration.
37
Only __% daylight should be used to light the interior of a building.
5%
38
Photo ____ is when UV light causes bleaching of fabrics and other materials.
Degradation
39
Simply, to reduce power consumption of lights, they must be ____ or ____.
Switched off or dimmed
40
____ integration can be done manually, with a photoelectric device, or with a clock function.
Daylight
41
____ glass holds out UV light while letting in visible light.
Low-E
42
____ provide both shading and indirect light for a space and can increase daylight penetration by 100%
Light Shelves
43
Lamp sizes are measured in increments of 1/_ of an inch. (Except for LED's)
1/8"
44
The CRI of an incandescent lamp is ____.
100
45
The efficacy of standard incandescent lamps is __-__ Lumens/Watt
5/18
46
Beam Angle = ___% | Field Angle = ___%
Beam - 50% | Field - 10%
47
____ lamps were derived from projector lamps.
MR11
48
A ____ starts and regulates power to a fluorescent lamp/
Ballast
49
Modern fluorescent lamps have markings containing ____ and ____.
Temperature (K) and CRI
50
T/F: Fluorescent tubes are temperature sensitive.
True
51
What type of starting method is best for fluorescent lamps that are turned on and off frequently?
Programmed-Rapid start
52
____ metal-halide lamps have the best CRI for HID lamps.
Ceramic
53
The most efficient HID lamps are ____ lamps.
Low-pressure sodium.
54
What 3 things does a luminaire consist of?
1. ) A lampholder 2. ) Means of Electrification 3. ) Means of support
55
____ are luminaires that are permanently attached to a building.
Lighting Fixtures
56
____ luminaires emit light downwards.
Direct
57
____ luminaires emit light in all directions.
Diffuse
58
Asymmetric luminaires are designed for ____ applications.
Special
59
Direct luminaires are usually selected to convey a sense of ____ to the space.
Drama
60
T/F: An example of an indirect light would be uplighting.
True
61
Wallwashers or accent lights are examples of ____ luminaires.
Asymmetric
62
Downlight are also known as ____ or ____.
Downlight or can lights
63
ASHRAE 90.1 mandates that track lighting have a minimum of ___ watts per foot.
30
64
T/F: The simplest principal of lighting control is controlling how much power ,and when, to luminaires.
True
65
Energy codes suggest that Nonresidential spaces must be switched but they do not specify ____.
Where the switch must be
66
ADA requires that a light switch should be located on the latch side of the entry door at ____" AFF.
42"
67
A ____ turns circuits on and off at specific times.
Time Clock
68
A ____ turns a circuit on or off after a specific amount of time.
Timer
69
Dimmers control light levels by controlling ____.
Power to a lamp
70
In a ____ dimmer, the lights must be dimmed completely before switching occurs.
Single-Action
71
A ____ Dimmer requires separate actions to dim or switch, and remains at the level selected when switched on.
Preset
72
Dimmers must be selected in accordance with ____ and ____.
Load and Lamp Type
73
____ lamps must have a dimming ballast.
Fluorescent.
74
What 2 technologies do Occupancy Sensors Utilize?
1.) Passive Infrared 2.) Ultrasonic (OR A MIX OF BOTH)
75
Lumen Maintenance Systems dim new lamps about __-__% to match when they wear out slightly.
20-30%
76
Adaptation Compensation is the practice of ____.
Dimming lights at night.
77
The level of illumination is measured ___" above the floor.
30"
78
NFPA 101 specifies a ___ lux minimum along the path of emergency egress.
10 lux
79
____ is when luminaires are new and clean, burning the brightest of their lifespan.
Initial Lighting Level
80
Lighting is designed for ____ light levels
Maintained
81
____ is the measure of light intensity in a certain direction.
Candela
82
What does PAR stand for?
Parabolic Aluminized Reflector
83
____ is the measure of a material's ability to let light pass through it.
Transmittance
84
Layering provides the ____ of lighting a space/building.
Framework
85
The quantity, quality, and placement of light in a room affect the ____ of persons inside.
Psychology
86
Color temperature for lamps is represented by the color of a ____ heated to the given temperature in degrees Kelvin.
Black Body Radiator, or Steel
87
When a building is rotated to allow more/less sunlighting, this is called ____
Sighting
88
What are the two general ways to install CFL lamps in a luminaire?
1. ) Pin Type | 2. ) Screw Type
89
What type of light is a pendant MOST COMMONLY considered?
Decorative

4th Year, Week 5 (Lighting Essentials 1 and Motors 3) (2 decks)

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