Lighting/Sound/Camera Flashcards
What is a three point lighting set up?
This technique uses three light sources: the key light, the fill light and the backlight. These will illuminate the different facets of your subject, bringing dimension and depth to your shots.
How do you use Key Light?
The first one you place is the key light. It is the chief source of light and the brightest and will be responsible for exposing our subject.
How do you use Fill Light?
Once your subject is exposed by the Key Light, you will notice shadows on the opposite side where you placed the key light. To make the subject’s right and left sides balanced, you will want to smooth those shadows by using a fill light.
How do you use Backlight?
This light goes on the back of your subject to separate it from the background. Usually, it’s positioned slightly above its head at an angle, on the same side as the key light. The backlight will create a beautiful halo effect around your subject’s edges, bringing depth and a cinematographic look
How do you boom into a shot?
Put the boom near the shot to amplify the sounds of the shot
What is the f-stop?
The measurement of the aperture size. A high f-stop like f/22 means the aperture hole is small and less light is let in versus a low f-stop like f/3.5
What is the shutter speed?
the duration the shutter allows light onto the image sensor. a shutter speed of 1/2 of a second allows more light to touch the image sensor and will create a brighter picture than a quick shutter speed of 1/200 of a second.
what is the ISO?
How sensitive your shot is to light. The lower the number of ISO, the quality of the image will be darker.
How do control light?
The three principles of controlling lighting are direction, intensity, and softness or hardness. You can control light with black flags and sheets.
Wide Angle Lens/Focal Length
18mm-35mm. Wide-angle lenses provide a wider field of view, allowing the cinematographer to capture more of the surroundings while exaggerating the relative size of an object within the field of view at the same time.
Also, wide-angle lenses exaggerate the perceived depth of a frame so that subjects seem far apart from each other than they actually are.
Normal/Med Lens/Focal Length
40mm-50mm. the closest to the natural field of view on a full-frame sensor.
Telephoto Lens/Focal Length
75mm-100mm. Medium telephoto lenses are often used for close-ups. Combined with a wide aperture they are also great for blurring out the background e.g. when you want to get the emotional facial expression of your subject in focus.
Extreme Telephoto Lens/Focal Length
135mm or higher. great for bringing distant objects close to the screen. Long focal length also compresses the background making it seem closer to your subject.
Long telephoto lenses are also used for things like extreme close-ups.
