Lightning

Question 1

What must exist for lightning to occur?

Answer 1

A voltage potential or difference of charge between two objects must exist

This difference is crucial for the discharge of electricity seen in lightning.

Question 2

What is an atom composed of?

Answer 2

A positive nucleus and negatively charged electrons swarming around the nucleus

This structure is fundamental to the properties of matter.

Question 3

How can an object gain or lose electrons?

Answer 3

An object can gain or lose electrons in a number of ways

Common methods include friction, conduction, and induction.

Question 4

What does air have that affects the flow of electricity?

Answer 4

Air has an electrical resistance.

This resistance must be overcome for lightning to occur.

Question 5

What happens when the electric potential difference is large enough?

Answer 5

Electrons flow to the positive charge forming lightning.

This process involves the breakdown of air’s electrical resistance.

Question 6

What is the altitude range where the probability of lightning strikes to aircraft is greatest?

Answer 6

-5°C to 5°C

Question 7

Can lightning strike aircraft flying in clear air?

Answer 7

Yes

Question 8

What are some potential effects of lightning strikes on aircraft? List them.

Answer 8

• Puncture the skin of the aircraft
• Damage electronic equipment
• Cause engine failure
• Ignite fuel vapours
• Induce permanent error in magnetic compasses

Question 9

What temporary effects can lightning have on the crew of an aircraft?

Answer 9

• Blinded
• Temporary loss of hearing

Question 10

True or False: Lightning can only strike aircraft during thunderstorms.

Answer 10

False