Limbic System

Question 1

function of the limbic system?

Answer 1

emotional content for learning and memory

Question 2

emotional stimulus is first relayed to the __1___ and then to the ___2_____

Answer 2

1. thalamus

2. sensory cortex

Question 3

from the sensory cortex emotional stimulus then goes to the ________ and then begins cyclic interactions

Answer 3

cingulate cortex

Question 4

feeling and bodily responses come out of the _________

Answer 4

• feelings from cingulate cortex

- bodily response from hypothalamus

Question 5

list the 4 structures of the cyclic portion of the limbic system in order

Answer 5

1. cingulate cortex - from sensory cortex or anterior thalamus
2. hippocampus
3. hypothalamus
4. anterior thalamus - then back to the cingulate cortex

Question 6

what is another name for the entorhinal cortex?

Answer 6

parahippocampal gyrus

Question 7

in the circuit of papez the cingulate gyrus goes through the cingulum to the ___________

Answer 7

entorhinal cortex

Question 8

what does the perforant path connect?

Answer 8

the perforant path connects the entorhinal cortex to the hippocampus

Question 9

in the circuit of papez the hippocampus is connected to the mammillary body via the ________

Answer 9

the post commissural fibers of the fornix. it goes through the fornix

Question 10

in the circuit of papez the mammillary body is connected to the anterior thalamus via the __________

Answer 10

mammilo-thalamic tract

Question 11

in the circuit of papez the anterior thalamus is connected to the cingulate gyrus via the ___________

Answer 11

thalamo-cortical tract

Question 12

wernicke-korsakoff syndrome affects what part of the limbic system?

Answer 12

the mammilo-thalamic tract of the circuit of papez (betweeen the mammillary body and the anterior thalamus)

Question 13

75% of alzheimers affects what part of the limbic sysytem?

Answer 13

the perforant path of the circuit of papez ( in between the entorhinal cortex and the hippocampus)

Question 14

what causes wernicke-korsakoff syndrome?

Answer 14

vitamin B1 deficiency from alcoholism

Question 15

what are the symptoms of wernicke-korsakoff syndrome?

Answer 15

confabulation- make stuff up,

loss of memoru and ability to make new ones

Question 16

where is the hippocampus located?

Answer 16

the temporal lobe

Question 17

afferents of the hippocampus?

Answer 17

perforant path and fornix

Question 18

intrinsics of the hippocampus?

Answer 18

trisynaptic ciruit

Question 19

efferents of the hippocampus?

Answer 19

fornix (post commissural fibers)

Question 20

explain the pathway of the trisynaptic circuit?

Answer 20

1. Entorhinal cortex to the genule cells/ dentate gyrus via the perforant path
2. granule cells/ dentate gyrus to the hippocampus pyramidal neurons via the missy fibers
3. Ca3 to Ca1 via the schaffer collaterals or Ca3 to the fornix

Question 21

what structure causes dejavou?

Answer 21

the Uncus over fires and by the time info comes from the perforant path to the dentate, you already have a memory.

Question 22

where is the dentate gyrus located?

Answer 22

the hippocampus

Question 23

where is the amygdala located?

Answer 23

anterior to the hippocampus in the temporal lobe

Question 24

what are the 3 major nuclei/ divisions of the amygdala?

Answer 24

1. basolateral complex
2. cortico-medial system
3. central nucleus

Question 25

what are the afferents of the amygdala?

Answer 25

1. lateral olfactory tract | 2. prefrontal cortex

Question 26

what are the efferents of the amygdala?

Answer 26

1. amygdalafugal pathway | 2. stria terminalis

Question 27

what structure controls the fear response?

Answer 27

stria terminalis

Question 28

what nucleus of the amygdala controls the striatial system?

Answer 28

central nucleus

Question 29

what nucleus of the amygdala controls the olfactory system?

Answer 29

cortico-medial system

Question 30

what nucleus of the amygdala controls the amygdalafugal pathway?

Answer 30

basolateral complex

Question 31

what can damage to the amygdala cause?

Answer 31

- poorly conditioned emotional response - poor recognition of fear - patients fail to focus on eyes

Question 32

what symptoms do psychopaths have in regard to their amygdala?

Answer 32

- low amygdala reactivity to emotions | - difficulty learning from punishments

Question 33

amygdala hyperactivity causes?

Answer 33

ANXIETY

Question 34

what nucleus counteracts fear?

Answer 34

septal nucleus

Question 35

what causes kluver-bucy snydrome?

Answer 35

bilateral lesions to the amygdala

Question 36

symptoms of kluver-bucy snydrome?

Answer 36

docile, overeating, hyperphagia, hyperorality, hypersexuality

Question 37

left vs right amygdala when told a joke?

Answer 37

left amygdala - understands the joke | right amygdala - responds to the joke

Question 38

loss of the the septal nucleus causes?

Answer 38

fear and depression

Question 39

function of the septal nucleus?

Answer 39

counterbalance fear, pleasure, sexual gratification,