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VSUR 152 > LIMBS > Flashcards

LIMBS Flashcards

1
Q

indication of limb surgeries

A
  1. fractures
  2. subluxation and luxation
  3. trauma
  4. diseases - DJD, neoplasia, tendon rupture
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2
Q

general examinations

A
  1. distant observation
  2. standing palpation
    3.superficial/deep palpation
  3. standing palpation
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3
Q

injection of substance (iodine soln) (usually iodine) into a joint then radiograph to be able to visualize what’s inside the joint

A

arthrography

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4
Q

injection of iodine-based contrast material into the spinal canal (or subarachnoid space??)

A

myelography

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5
Q

most common dx tool

A

radiograph

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6
Q

fractures accdg to cause

A

direct violence
indirect violence - trauma to the muscle or adjacent bone
diseases of the bone - osteosarcoma
repeated stress - runner dogs

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7
Q

fractures accdg to communication to the outside environment

A

open, closed fracture

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8
Q

Accdg to the completeness of the break

A
  1. complete
  2. incomplete (greenstick, hairline)
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9
Q

Accdg to direction

A

T,O,S

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10
Q

Acctg to Number of fragments

A
  1. comminuted - butterfly, segmental
  2. others - avulsion, torus, compression, depression
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11
Q

urgent surgical tx

A

articular fractures,
growth plate fractures and
compound fractures

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12
Q

stages of fracture healing

A

inflamm,
reparative
remodelling

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13
Q

2 types of callus in reparative stage

A

Medullary callus forming inside the medullary cavity
Periosteal callus forming outside

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14
Q

Bone healing depends on and is influenced by

A
  1. blood supply
  2. reduction of fracture fragment alignment
  3. degree of stabilization of fracture fragments
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15
Q

AO Principles in Fracture Fixation

A
  1. Fracture reduction and fixation to restore anatomical relationships
  2. Stabilization by fixation or splintage
  3. Preservation of blood supply to the soft tissues and bones by gentle handling of BVs
  4. Early and safe immobilization of fractures to ensure proper healing of the animal
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16
Q

5 forces acting in a fracture

A

BATTS

bending, axial compression, torsion, tension, shear

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17
Q

Bone fragment slides in its axis

A

shear

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18
Q

IM Pin prevents bending

A

true

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19
Q

Able to resist bending, rotational and axial forces

A

im pin

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20
Q

T/F retrogade requires fluoroscopy

A

normograde

21
Q

normograde uses jacob;’s chuck while retrogade uses fluroscopy

A

false

22
Q

Type of intermedullary pin used to stabilize distal fractures of the limb

A

rush pin

23
Q

equipment used in long bones that can Easily bend towards the length; can mimic bone bending

A

Clamp rod Internal Fixator

24
Q

equipment used in Fractures w/ severe or gross soft tissue trauma and or contamination

A

External skeletal fixator

25
Q

cause of implant failure

A
  1. wrong size
  2. wrong technique
  3. hyperactive animal
26
Q

Fusion of the growth plate of the pubic symphyses

A

Juvenile Pubic Symphysiodesis (JPS)

27
Q

explainn craniodorsal luxation

A

greater trochanter aligns with ilium and ischium (straight line instead of triangle)

28
Q

explain caudodorsal luxation

A

triangle gets bigger because the femur is displaced ventrally

29
Q

close reduction procedure

A
  1. rotate laterally
  2. pull femur until into acetabulum
30
Q

A.k.a Osteochodrosis dissecans of the femoral head

A

Legg Perthe’s dx

31
Q

In cases of FHO, bony growths can be seen in dogs younger than ___. of age

A

9 mos

32
Q

post-op care for FHO

A

Rehabilitation / Physical therapy
Swimming
Exercise the limbs w/o much force or trauma to the joint
To build muscle
Ice and heat therapy

33
Q

keeps the patella in place (both lateral and medial side)

A

Femoropatellar ligament

34
Q

Wedge resection of the femoral trochlea

A

trocheoplasty

35
Q

Once the pubis stops growing, as the animal grows, a portion of the ____, ___ and ___ grows further to cover the femoral head

A

ischium, acetabulum and ilium

36
Q

abnormal devt of coxofe. joint

A

HD

37
Q

Dislocation of the hip joint

A

COXOFEMORAL or HIP LUXATION

38
Q

keeps the femoral head inside

A

acetabulum

39
Q

stabilized by ehmer sling

A

Craniodorsal CFL

40
Q

caudoventral is stabilized with?

A

figure of 8 hobbles tape

41
Q

Only 50% chance of success for open reduction

A

false, closed

42
Q

avascular necrosis of the femoral head

A

legg-perthe’s

43
Q

On a grade 1-2 , rotation of the limb is present

A

false 3-4

44
Q

Prevents forward displacement of the tibia

A

CRANIAL CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RUPTURE

45
Q

Incision is done on the opposite of the luxation

A

imbirication of retinaculum

46
Q

Incision into the retinaculum or fascia* on the direction of the luxation

A

retinacular release

47
Q

Use of an absorbable suture to attach a portion of patella & goes under the fabella

A

Reinforcement of the femoropatellar ligament

48
Q

Disturbance of the cell differentiation in the metaphyseal growth plates and joint cartilage

A

OSTEOCHONDROSIS

VSUR 152 (3 decks)

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