Linguistic Flashcards
(23 cards)
If a language has over 10,000 speakers, it’s safe and going to continue into the future.
false
96% of the world’s languages are spoken by 4% of the world’s population.
true
The second stage in the 3-generation language shift model is bilingualism.
true
Code-switching is one of the causes of language shift.
false
One of the places with the most language extinction is:
North America
One of the best ways to ensure that a minority language survives in the presence of a more dominant language group is
to isolate the speakers of the minority language in a rural setting.
Which of the following is NOT a factor that helps a language be revitalized?
Teaching the language as a foreign subject in high school
Having money to create a dictionary for the language
Getting government recognition for the language (so that official documents can be filled out in the minority language)
Impressing upon the community how fast a language can go extinct
Teaching the language as a foreign subject in high school
hich of the following did NOT contribute to the revival of Hebrew?
The prestige of the language being associated with the Jewish religion.
The existence of living mother-tongue language speakers.
The wealth of the community that wanted to revitalize Hebrew
The association between Hebrew and being Israeli
The prestige of the language being associated with the Jewish religion.
The Eisteddford could be described as a top-down pressure.
False
The biggest challenge facing Hawaiian today is
A lack of well-paying jobs requiring Hawaiian (economic factors)
A language used as a symbol of the people is:
A National Language
The language most commonly used as the medium of education is:
offical language
The country of Treelandia wants to use Sycamorese as its official language. Sycamorese isn’t written or used in any official capacity currently. There are many different dialects. What is going to be the first step in elevating Sycamorese to an official status?
Selection
The poor country of Lawnville has just recently won its independence from Flowerville. It is trying to decide whether to use Flowerese as its official language or Lawnese. Lawnese has a written form, but it’s not currently used in any educational setting. Which will they probably choose?
Flowerese. Because Lawnese isn’t used in an educational setting it isn’t standardized and will need to have its lexicon expanded. This will be expensive.
In Azerbaijan, why was the Cyrillic script used?
Already knowing the Cyrillic script would make it easier for the population to learn Russian and cut ties with the other parts of the Turkic world.
Which of the following are advantages of English as a global lingua franca? (Be sure to click all that apply. There are multiple answers to this question.)
Everyone will get along better because they speak the same language.
Communications in international organizations like the Association of South-East Asian Nations is easier.
International travel is more accessible.
People for whom English is an L1 (ex: people in Great Britain and the US) don’t have to learn more than one language.
English is sophisticated and easy to learn compared to other potential lingua francas, for instance Chinese
The effect of Prop. 63 in California is that:
California has an extensive bilingual education system in the schools
California publishes official government materials in English only.
California must promote English, but it can and does still publish official government materials in many languages.
California must publish official government materials in many languages because of Prop. 63.
California must promote English, but it can and does still publish official government materials in many languages.
What percentage of the US speaks English monolingually?
82
Recent immigrants to the United States are successfully learning English, often at the expense of their heritage langauge.
true
Writing a computer program requires some amount of English proficiency.
True
The scientific community currently uses English for publications and conferences where the researchers are expected to have different L1s, even if none of the researchers speaks English as their first language.
Yniguez (& Gutierrez) v. Mofford 1990
Spanish is used to campaign and in a private sales business
not for government workplaces?
not for government documents?
Gutierrez v. Municipal Court, 1988
Prop 63: “largely symbolic”
Official languages can be enforced
Garcia v. The San Francisco Spun Steak Company 1993
