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(6 cards)
Free will
One of teh defintiosn of abnormaklity (Falirure to function adaquetly) focueses on the free will side of the debate. This is because behaviour can be changed and it is not pre determined such as eating more regularly and taking part within daily activities. This si free will as it mainly focuses on how we can have an active role on our behjaviour adn how we can choose our behaviours
Ideal mental helath may also be seen as foucing on the free will side of the debate. These components include mastery of teh enviornement and self attitudes. Thsi may be because an individuals can foucs on improving thee aspects of themselves for exmaple trying to learn how to master their environment and you can imrpove your self actulaistaion componetn by doign things that make you feel happy and make you feel that you have achieved something. However, this can also be seen as dertministic as some of teh components such as accurate perceptiion of reality, whcih focuses on how an individual may see the world around them. This may not be applicable to Schizophrenic people who have diostorted percetpions of reality (schizophrenia is caused by neruotrensmitters so this is seen as bioligcally deterministic).
Determinism
The Hippocrates may be detrministic which is based around the imbalance of teh four humours (black bile, yellow bile, blood and phlegm). It is seen as dertministic as it foucses on how biological factors affect a persons mental helath
The pre Historic explanation of metnal illness is seen as dertministic, or more specifically Psychic detrminsim sa it foucese on how sprits and demons are the main casue of mental illness.
The somatogenic approach is seen as derteministic as it fouceses on how unconcious processes in the brain, sucbh as the thoughts and feelings we arent aware of but controls ourr behaviour.
The 19th centruy expalntion of mental illness is seen as derteminsitc as it foucese on how brain strcuture and imbalances of neurotransmitters cuases metnal illnesses.
Deviation form social norms which is defined as having socially unnacceptable behaviour is derteministic as it is affected by factors outside of an indivudlas contol suih as how people and the Government view certain behaviours.
All of these are detrministic as they focus on how factors outside of a persons control affects people (such as being labelled as abnormal or being diagnosed as mentally ill)
Individual
The Hippocrates reasponing for mental illness is individualistic as it focuses on how a persons physiological factors such as the four bodily humours (Black bile, yellow bile, blood and phlegm) is the cause of mental illnesses as it is within the person
The psychogenic reason for metnal illness is seen s indivdualistic as it fouceses on how a person unconcious processes is the cause of metnal illnesses.
The 19th centruy reasoning of mental illnesses is indivudlaistic as it focuses on how how a persons neurotransmitters adn brain strcutrue is the cause of mental illnesses.
Situational
Deviation from socail norms is situational becase a person may be seen as abnormal depending on the context or sitaution. For example, it is seen as normal to cry when watching a sad movie but it could be seen as abnormal when standing at a quue in a supermarket.
Rosenhan study may be seen as situational as persons behaviour is seen differently depending on the enviornment they are in. For example, in Rosehans study normal behaviour is seen as abnormal and as symptoms of tehir diagnosis such as queuing early for lunch this is called the stickiness of labels. This is situational as it explains that something about teh sitaution explains mental illnesses.
Ethical consideration
No consent was given to the staff nor did they have the right to withdraw from the study or withdraw their data
The staff were decieved as thye were tiold that teh speduo patients could hear voices such as “Thud Hollow and Empty’. The staff at teh ward was deceived of teh pesudo patients real metnal status and they were obsevred. In the mini experiment, the staff were told that pseudo patients were visitng the hospitals to true to get admitted however no pseudo pateitns came.
No physical harm was caused however the psychiatrists were angry and embarrased that they were being observed tehrfore causing psychollogical harm. Alhough not real patients, the pseduo pateitns were also psychollogically harmed.
However, there was confidentiqality as the staffs names were not distributed.
Socially sensitive research
The diagnosis of mental illnesses and the labelling of people with abnormality may be socially sensitive as
it has consequences on the family and the indivudal.. There are multiple reasons why diagnosis may be socially sensitive. Accoridng to the research doen by Rosnehan who was trying to test the reliability an dvalidity of diagnosis, as soon as someone was diagnisoed as metnally ill all theri normal behaviour was seen abnoraml. This si seen as socailly sensitive as it could lead to stereotrypes that everything who suffers from a mental illness as their behaviour is labelled accoridn gto their illness and any behaviour that they perform will not be seen normally
Another reaosn why thsi category is socially sneistive is the difnition of abnoramlity. More specifically Deviation form social norms which is defined as socailly unnaceptable behaviours. This may be seen as socailly sneistive as more eccentric groups and different cultures may be lablled as abnoraml because their lifestyle is not the same as other members of society. This can lead to discrimination as differnt cultures or subgroups may be treated differently , thus having negative consequences on the group
Another reason why it is socially sensitive is
