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Question 1

Lipids are poorly soluble in ___, but dissolves in organix solvents like?

Answer 1

Water; benzene, chloroform and dichloromethane (DCM)

Question 2

Lipids function as a ____ ___?

Answer 2

Metabolic fuel

Question 3

Lipids are ___ group of compounds synthesized by cell

Answer 3

Heterogenous

Question 3

What are the classifications of lipids

Answer 3

Simple lipids, complex, amphiatic, derived

Question 4

Neutral fats and waxes

Answer 4

Simple lipids

Question 5

Phospholipids, sphingolipids, glycolipids

Answer 5

Complex lipids

Question 6

Steroids, vitamins and caroteniods

Answer 6

Derived Lipids

Question 7

Glycerollipids and sphingolipids

Answer 7

Amphipathic lipids

Question 8

Example of complex lipids

Answer 8

Phospholipids, sphingolipids, glycolipids

Question 8

Example of simple lipids

Answer 8

Neutral fats and waxes

Question 8

Example of amphipathic lipids

Answer 8

Glycerollipids and sphingolipids

Question 8

Example of derived lipids

Answer 8

Steroids, vitamins and caroteniods

Question 9

These are small molecules that tend to associate through noncovalent forces

Answer 9

Amphipathic lipids

Question 10

Tends to form surface monolayers, bilayers, micelles, or vesicles when in contact with water

Answer 10

Amphipathic lipids

Question 11

Smallestt unit of lipids

Answer 11

Fatty acids

Question 12

Single bonded fatty acids and solid at room temperature

Answer 12

Saturated fatty acids

Question 13

Double bonded fatty acids and liquid at room temperature

Answer 13

Unsaturated fatty acids

Question 14

A type of fatty acid that reacts with NaOH producing soaps

Answer 14

Unsaturated fatty acids

Question 15

Alkali metal salts of fatty acids contain

Answer 15

10-18 carbon atoms called soaps

Question 16

These are good wetting agent/emulsifying agent/cleaning agent

Answer 16

Soap

Question 17

What can you form with soap?

Answer 17

Forms insoluble salts with metal ions like Ca+2 and Mg+2 ions

Question 18

These ions are present in?

Answer 18

Hard water

Question 19

What do you call the precipiates formed in hard water?

Answer 19

Scum

Question 20

Development of synthetic detergents or synders solved the problem of ??

Answer 20

scum formation with soap

Question 21

___ contain fat-soluble groups and water-soluble grouos

Answer 21

Syndets

Question 22

Does not form precipitate in hard water

Answer 22

Syndates

Question 23

Presence of unsaturation is indicated by the decolization of the added ??

Answer 23

bromine

Question 24

When the enzyme lipase hydrolyzes a compound lipid, one of the products of hydrolysis is ?

Answer 24

Glycerol

Question 25

When glycerol is heated with a dehydrating agent such as

Answer 25

Potassium hydrogen sulfate (KHSO4)

Question 26

Major energy reserve of the body

Answer 26

Triglycerides

Question 26

When glycerol is heated with a dehydrating agent such as potassium hydrogen sulfate (KHSO4), the reaction yields ?

Answer 26

acrolein

Question 27

Also known as neutral fats/ triglycerols

Answer 27

Triglycerides

Question 28

3 distinct function of triglycerides

Answer 28

Heat production, energy production, and unsulation

Question 29

What represents fatty acid chains?

Answer 29

R1, R2, R3

Question 30

If there are 3 same R's, the compound is a?

Answer 30

Simple triglyceride

Question 31

Fats are insoluble in _____ but readily dissolve in ____?

Answer 31

Ordinary solvents; CHCL3 (tricholormethane), C6H6 (Benzene), hot alcohol, ether

Question 32

Neutral fats contain a large amoun of ??

Answer 32

Unsaturated fatty acids

Question 33

When fats are being shaked it temporarily forms?

Answer 33

emulsion

Question 34

What are the emulsifying agens of fats?

Answer 34

Soap, acacia, albumin or bile salts

Question 35

A ___ prevents coalescence of the fat droplets by absorbing on their surfaces

Answer 35

Emulsifying substance

Question 36

Different kinds of chemical properties

Answer 36

Hydrolysis, hydrogenation, rancidity, saponification

Question 37

A type of chemical property in which fats are readily hydrolyzed by acids, enzymes or superheated steam with liberation of fatty acids and glycerol

Answer 37

Hydrolysis

Question 38

A type of chemical property that instead of water, an alkali is used, a metallic salt of fatty acids (soap) is formed, and the process is called saponification (alkaline hydrolysis of fats)

Answer 38

Saponification

Question 39

Sodium soaps are ___?

Answer 39

Hard

Question 40

Potassium soaps are?

Answer 40

Soft

Question 41

A type of chemical reaction where fats are neutral in reaction, but when exposed to air, they become acidic due to hydrolysis which results in the liberation of volatile fatty acids

Answer 41

Rancidity

Question 42

Oxidized with the formation of ?

Answer 42

odoriferous volatile aldehyde and ketones

Question 43

What contribute to the rapid onset of rancidity

Answer 43

Enzyme, lipoxidase and agents like heat, light, moisture and bacteria

Question 44

Rancidity results in the destruction of the accessory food factor like

Answer 44

carotenes, vit. A, vit E.

Question 45

adds hydrogen to the unsaturated bonds of a fatty acid

Answer 45

Hydrogenation

Question 46

During the process, some or all the unsaturated fat is converted to a saturated fat resulting to a solid or semi-solid fat

Answer 46

Hydrogenation

Question 47

From kernel of mature coconuts and are saturated fats

Answer 47

Coconut oil

Question 48

obtained from seeds of anise plant and evaporates faster than coconut oil

Answer 48

Anise oil

Question 49

Appear as transparent and clear liquid

Answer 49

Glycerol

Question 50

Pure compound, appears as uniform opaque solid

Answer 50

Palmitic

Question 51

Oil can become rancid due to a process called

Answer 51

Oxidation

Question 52

occurs when oil is exposed to oxygen, heat, and light over time.

Answer 52

Oxidation

Question 53

cohesive force that exists at the surface of a liquid, causing it to behave as if it has a thin elastic skin

Answer 53

Surface tension

Question 54

When fat is heated strongly in the presence of ___ the glycerol portion of the molecule is dehydrated to form the unsaturated aldehyde called ____

Answer 54

AHSO4; Acrolein

Question 55

Olive oil + 40% NaOH what process occurs?

Answer 55

saponification

Question 56

+ Ethyl alcohol what process occurs?

Answer 56

alcoholysis or esterification

Question 57

What forms when alcohol is added when saponifying?

Answer 57

Sodium ethoxide (NaOC2H5)

Question 58

+ heated and stirred what process occurs?

Answer 58

Transesterification

Question 59

is responsible for the green flame

Answer 59

Glycerol-borax complex

Question 60

Responsible for the yellow flame

Answer 60

Sodium borate

Question 61

does not have a free aldehyde or ketone group that is required for the reaction with copper ions in the Benedict’s reagent

Answer 61

Glycerol

Question 62

In the test for the presence of phosphorous in lecithin what do you call the formation of yellow precipitate ?

Answer 62

Phosphomolybdate