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Biochemistry > Lipid Taxonomy > Flashcards

Lipid Taxonomy Flashcards

0
Q

Fatty acids

A

Building blocks of complex lipids

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1
Q

Types of lipids

A

Fatty acids, triaglycerols, glycerolphospholipids, waxes, sphingolipids, terpenes, steroids

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2
Q

Triaglycerols

A

Lipid form for energy stores

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3
Q

Glycerolphospholipids

A

Charged and modified triaglycerols for membrane formation

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4
Q

Waxes

A

Lipids as molecular coatings

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5
Q

Sphingolipids

A

Brain lipids for membranes

Sphingosine backbone and fatty acid

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6
Q

Terpenes

A

Secondary plant metabolites

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7
Q

Steroids

A

Lipids as hormone: molecular messengers and signaling molecules

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8
Q

Lipid chemistry

A

High solubility in nonpolar solvents
Low solubility in H2O
Fully reduced form of carbon
Amphipathic

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9
Q

Fatty acid structure

A 
Fully ionized carboxylate head group
Hydrocarbon tail (usually even)
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10
Q

16 carbon saturated tail

A

Palmitic acid

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11
Q

18 carbon saturated tail

A

Stearic acid

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12
Q

18 carbons with double bond on carbon 9

A

Oleic acid

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13
Q

18 carbons with double bond on carbons 9 and 12

A

Linoleic acid

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14
Q

18 carbons with double bond on carbons 9, 12, 15

A

Alpha- linolenic acid

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15
Q

20 carbons with double bond on carbons 5, 8, 11, 14

A

Arachidonic acid

16
Q

14 carbons saturated

A

Myrisic acid

17
Q

Ceramide

A

Fatty acid and sphingosine joined by an amide linkage

18
Q

Sphingomylelins

A

Phosphorylcholine/ethanolamine esterified to 1-hydroxy

19
Q

Ganglioside

A

Acidic, sialic acid containing ceramide oligosaccharides

20
Q

Waxes chemistry

A

Ester of fatty acid and fatty alcohol

Insoluble, water repellent

21
Q

Terpene chemistry

A

Built from isoprene units
Base 5 carbon units
Linkage head to tail

22
Q

Polyprenols

A

Long chain polyisoprenoids with terminal OH

23
Q

Cholesterol

A

Principle component of animal cell membranes, smaller amounts found in organellar membranes

24
Q

Glucocorticoids

A

Stress hormones

25
Q

Androgens/estrogens

A

Sexual development

Biochemistry (12 decks)

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