Lipids 1 Flashcards
(28 cards)
Digested Cholesterol Esters
Cholesterol and a fatty acid
Digested Phospholipids
Lysophopholipid and a fatty acid
Major Lipid Component of Adipose Tissue
Triacylglycerol
Essential Fatty Acids
Linoleic and alpha-linolenic
Triacylglycerol
- uncharged
- water insoluble
- insulation
Main Site of Lipid Digestion
Small Intestine
Where are Lipases Secreted?
Pancreas
What is the role of bile salts?
Emulsify fatty acids to form miscelles than can travel in the blood.
Where are bile salts secreted?
Gall Bladder
What type of substances are taurocholic and glycocholic acids?
Bile Salts
What digestable forms is triacylglyverol broken down into and by what enzyme?
pancreatic lipase degrades TAG into 2-monoacylglycerol and 2 fatty acids
what essential lipid is arachidonic acid derived from?
Linoleic Acid
Describe the process of miscelles absoprtion by microvilli.
- approach brush border membranes of enterocytes
- lipid products released
- diffuse across membrane (lithophillic)
What is the name given to excess lipids in faeces?
Steatorrhea
How are fatty acids transported after absorption in the small intestine?
Combined with solubilising protein apoB-48 into chylomicrons. These are released into the lymph then blood by exocytosis.
Where do chylomicron remnants go?
To the liver
What is a chylomicron remnant?
A chylomicron without any TAG
What enzyme hydrolyses TAG (in chylomicrons) into fatty acids and glycerol?
Lipoprotein Lipase
Where does the glycerol hydrolysed from TAG go?
To the liver to produce glycerol-3-phosphate.
Where are lipases found degrading TAG?
In the small intestine
What is the most efficient storage form of fuel?
Triacylglycerols
What enzymes harvests fatty acids from TAG stores?
Hormone Sensitive Lipase
What hormone triggers the activation of hormone sensitive lipase by phosphorylation?
Epinephrine
What effect does high plasma glucose and insulin have deactivation of lipase?
Its encourages it.
