Lipids

Question 2

Lipids are made up of

Answer 2

C, H, O

Question 3

Fats and lipids are

Answer 3

Chemically similar but

Question 4

Fats

Answer 4

Solid at room temperature
From animal sources

Question 5

Lipids

Answer 5

Liquid at room temperature
From plant sources

Question 6

Functions of lipids

Question 7

Triglycerides made up of

Answer 7

3 fatty acids and glycerol forms triglyceride

Question 8

Triglycerides synthesis

Answer 8

Triglycerides is synthesized by the formation of ester bonds during condensation reactions between glycerol and 3 fatty acids

Question 9

Condensation to form triglycerides

Answer 9

3 fatty acid + glycerol produces triglyceride + 3 water

Question 10

Hydrolysis to break ester bonds

Answer 10

triglyceride + 3 water produces 3 fatty acid + glycerol

Question 11

Fatty acid:

Answer 11

Saturated fatty acid
Unsaturated fatty acid

Question 12

Fatty acid classification:

Answer 12

Saturated fatty acid: jam-packed with hydrogen
The structure has the maximum number of hydrogens
Unsaturated fatty acid: missing hydrogens
There is at least 1 double bond and fewer hydrogens

Question 13

Saturated fatty acids in phospholipids

Answer 13

Saturated fatty acid chains lack double bonds, resulting in phospholipids with a straight structure that favors tight packing

Question 14

Unsaturated fatty acids in phospholipids

Answer 14

Unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds that introduce kinks in the phospholipids reducing tightness of packing

Question 15

Saturated fatty acids: single or double bonds

Answer 15

Have only single bonds

Question 16

Saturated fatty acids: straight or bent chains

Answer 16

These fatty acids form straight chains

Question 17

Saturated fatty acids: high or low melting points

Answer 17

Have high melting point

Question 18

Saturated fatty acids: Solid or liquid at room temperature

Answer 18

Solids at room temperature

Question 19

Unsaturated fatty acids: single or double bonds

Answer 19

Have at least one double bond between atoms in the hydrocarbon chain

Question 20

Unsaturated fatty acids: straight or bent chains

Answer 20

These fatty acids form bent chains

Question 21

Unsaturated fatty acids: high or low melting points

Answer 21

Have low melting points

Question 22

Unsaturated fatty acids: Solid or liquid at room temperature

Answer 22

Liquid at room temperature

Question 23

Cholesterol

Answer 23

Strongly hydrophobic & they take
refuge between the tails of phospholipids in membrane.
Their presence in the bilayer has two effects:
1. It slows down the lateral movement
of individual phospholipid molecules
making the bilayer more stable
2. It prevents the movement of certain subsea through bilayer ensuring the membrane transport occurs through the correct protein channels

Question 24

Phospholipids : hydrophilic and hydrophilic

Answer 24

Phospholipids have hydrophilic and hydrophobic components

Question 25

Phospholipids heads: hydrophilic or hydrophobic

Answer 25

Hydrophilic

Question 26

Phospholipids tails: hydrophilic or hydrophobic

Answer 26

Hydrophobic