Lipids Flashcards
(26 cards)
What are enzymes?
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms.
True or False: Enzymes are consumed in the reactions they catalyze.
False
Fill in the blank: Enzymes are typically proteins, but some are made of _____.
RNA
What is the active site of an enzyme?
The active site is the region on the enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction.
What is the role of nucleic acids in living organisms?
Nucleic acids store and transmit genetic information.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is a type of nucleic acid? A) Protein B) Lipid C) DNA D) Carbohydrate
C) DNA
What are the two main types of nucleic acids?
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid).
True or False: RNA is usually double-stranded.
False
What are the building blocks of nucleic acids?
Nucleotides.
Fill in the blank: Each nucleotide consists of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a _____ base.
nitrogenous
What is the primary function of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?
To form the core of ribosome’s structure and facilitate protein synthesis.
Multiple choice: Which enzyme is responsible for synthesizing RNA from a DNA template? A) DNA polymerase B) RNA polymerase C) Ligase D) Helicase
B) RNA polymerase
What is an enzyme’s specificity?
Enzyme specificity refers to the ability of an enzyme to choose exact substrate from a group of similar chemical molecules.
True or False: Enzymes can work at any temperature.
False
What is a cofactor?
A cofactor is a non-protein chemical compound that is required for the biological activity of an enzyme.
Fill in the blank: The process of converting DNA into RNA is called _____ .
transcription
What is the role of transfer RNA (tRNA)?
tRNA transports amino acids to the ribosome for protein synthesis.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is not a nitrogenous base found in RNA? A) Adenine B) Thymine C) Cytosine D) Uracil
B) Thymine
What is enzyme inhibition?
Enzyme inhibition is a process in which a molecule binds to an enzyme and decreases its activity.
True or False: Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site of the enzyme.
True
What is the central dogma of molecular biology?
The central dogma describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.
Fill in the blank: The enzyme that unzips the DNA double helix during replication is called _____ .
helicase
What type of bond holds the two strands of DNA together?
Hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases.
Multiple choice: Which enzyme is responsible for joining Okazaki fragments during DNA replication? A) DNA polymerase B) Ligase C) Helicase D) Primase
B) Ligase
