Lipids Flashcards
How is the fatty acids and glycerol bonded together
Condensation- where three molecules of water are removed and replaced by ester bonds
Draw a glycerol molecule
H
H- c- oh
H- c- oh
H-c-oh
HDraw a condensation reaction to form a triglyceride
Take away h20
Why are lipids insoluble
Contain hydrogen, oxygen and carbon but much less that oxygen which makes it a non polar molecule so it does not dissolve in water but in organic substances such as alcohol and propane
What is a phospholipid
A special type of lipid each molecule has the unusual property of having one end that is soluble in water
Why is one end of phospholipid hydrophobic and one end of hydrophilic
One end has a lot of oxygen in the glycerol group such as phosphate and choline so it is attracted to water so hydrophilic
Other end doesn’t have any oxygen atoms so do not interact with water hydrophobic
What are some properties of lipids
If any carbon- carbon is not a single bond the molecule gets a kink. Can’t align uniformly meaning that it does not solidify so it is unsaturated - oil
If hydro carbon chain just have single carbon to carbon bonds it is saturated can alone in a straight zigzag so it turns to a solid
What are the roles of lipids in phospholipid
Phospholipid- biological membrane, electrical insulanion- myelin sheath that surrounds axon of nerves
Roles of triglyceride
Energy reserve in both plants and animals. Because they contain more hydrogen - carbon bonds than carbohydrates
Thermal insulation- when stored under the skin it protects against heat loss
Protection - fat is often stored around delicate organs protecting against physical damage
Metabolic water - water released during chemical reaction in body triglyceride produce a lot of metabolic water when oxidised
What is a triglyceride
A combination of one glycerol bonded to three molecules of fatty acids. The glycerol molecule will always stay the same but the fatty component varies
Tests for fats and oils
Ethanol mixed with lipids shaken with equal volume of water dos solved lipids come out of solution because they are insoluble in water
